Urethritis

General characteristic of a disease

The urethritis is an inflammatory process in an urethra. The disease is transmitted sexually and most often occurs at the young men and women leading an active sexual life with several sexual partners.

Urethritis symptoms at women cannot almost be differentiated from a clinical picture of cystitis (a bladder inflammation).

At men the urethritis seldom arises in pure form. Most often the disease proceeds in an acute form against the background of the accompanying inflammations of generative organs.

Types of an urethritis

Depending on an etiology of a disease it is accepted to allocate two main kinds of an urethritis.

Gonococcal acute or chronic urethritis, it gonorrhea, – one of the most widespread diseases which are transmitted sexual in the way to time of oral, proctal or traditional vaginal sex. However, also household way of infection with a gonococcal urethritis at contact with the person is possible - the carrier of intracellular gram-negative diplococcuses "Neisseria gonorrhoeae".

The disease incubation interval, on average, makes of 3 days though there are also strains of a gonococcal urethritis with manifestation of the first symptoms in 12 hours.

At men the urethritis of a chronic not gonococcal form in 50% of cases proceeds against the background of infection with chlamydias ("Chlamydia trachomatis"). Other possible activators of a negonokkokovy chronic urethritis – microorganisms an ureaplasma ("Ureaplasma urealyticum"", a mycoplasma ("Mycoplasma hominis") and a trichomonad ("Trichomonas vaginalis").

At a third of patients of the reason of a polietiologichny negonokkokovy ureteritis it is not possible to establish at all. A way of infection same - sexual or contact. The incubation interval of an urethritis depends on infestant type.

Urethritis symptoms

The main symptoms of an uretirt are purulent discharges from an urethra of pale yellow or yellowish-green color. At an acute form these allocations have plentiful character, the urethra becomes edematous, the patient feels an itch, burning or an urodynia. To symptoms of an urethritis of a total acute form carry frequent desires to an urination, sharp pain in an urethra and fervescence. Among symptoms of an urethritis call also minimum bloody allocations at the end of the act of an urination – a so-called terminal hamaturia.

Upon transition of a disease to an urethritis of a chronic form swelled falls down, the number of allocations decreases, but it does not mean that the disease passed in itself. Without treatment the urethritis at men threatens with complications in the form of chronic prostatitis, a vesiculitis or an epididymite. These serious diseases will cause the strains of bacteria which lodged in seed bubbles and a prostate. At women the chronic urethritis without treatment can lead to infertility.

Diagnosis of an urethritis

Physical inspection of the patient with symptoms of an urethritis is performed in 1-3 hours after the last urination. At diagnosis an acute or chronic urethritis reddening and puffiness of an urethra are important existence of allocations from generative organs.

Further the patient goes to analyses of a smear across Gram at suspicion on an urethritis of a gonorrheal form. In diagnosis of an urethritis also analyses of urine are applied to identification of quantity of leukocytes in urine draft, scrapings of a vagina, urethra for detection of chlamydias, and if necessary and rectum scraping.

Treatment of an urethritis

Earlier the standard of treatment of an urethritis men and women had a direct introduction of antiseptic agents to area of an urethra. Today quite perhaps tableted or injection intramuscular treatment of an urethritis.

Instead of outdated Petsillin in modern treatment of an urethritis of an uncomplicated form Tseftriakson is applied. At the same time the one-time injection of drug is recommended, and further treatment of an uretirt at men, and also women continues oral administration of Doxycycline. Treatment of the sexual partner of the patient with an acute or chronic urethritis begins at a stage before obtaining results of analyses.

Treatment of an urethritis at undetected type of an infestant is recommended to be carried out by antibiotics of a broad spectrum of activity. Irrigations of an urethra antiseptic agents are not made because of high risk of transition of an urethritis to a chronic form. Treatment of an urethritis – out-patient or house. Hospitalization is required only at the complicated forms of a chronic urethritis.

The main way of prevention of an urethritis – barrier, namely use of condom at sexual intercourses with non-constant sexual partners.