Levomycetinum

Levomycetinum – the antibacterial drug used for treatment of infectious diseases. It is widely applied in ophthalmology and pediatrics.

Pharmacological action

Levomycetinum – an antibiotic of a broad spectrum of activity.

Active ingredient of Levomycetinum effectively influences many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and also on causative agents of a meningococcal infection, purulent infections, dysentery, a typhoid.

Levomycetinum is shown at treatment of the diseases caused by hemophilic bacteria, chlamydias, rickettsiae, brucellas, spirochetes. In therapeutic concentration Levomycetinum has bacteriostatic action.

Levomycetinum according to the instruction is poorly active concerning a pyocyanic stick, acid resisting bacteria, clostridiums and protozoa. Medicinal resistance to Levomitsetin develops rather slowly, but at the same time usually there is no cross other chemotherapeutic drugs resistance.

At topical administration of Levomycetinum therapeutic concentration is created in an iris of the eye, a cornea, a vitreous, watery moisture, at the same time Levomycetinum does not get into a crystalline lens.

Levomycetinum according to the instruction is quickly and well soaked up both after intake, and at rectal administration, reaching the maximum concentration in blood in several hours.

Getting into bodies, liquids and body tissues, Levomycetinum well gets into cerebrospinal fluid, and also into maternal milk.

Release form

Levomycetinum is released in a look:

• The yellowish round tablets Levomycetinum containing 0,5 g and 0,25 g of active ingredient of levomycetinum. Excipients – stearic acid or calcium stearate, potato starch;
• Powder for preparation of solution for injections. Each bottle contains 500 or 1000 mg of active ingredient;
• Eye drops (solution of 0,25%). 1 ml of drug contains 2,5 mg of active ingredient. In droppers bottles on 5 and 10 ml.

Indications to use of Levomycetinum

Levomycetinum is applied at:

• Persiniozakh;
• Generalized forms of salmonelloses;
• Paratyphus;
• Tularemias;
• Rickettsioses;
• Brucellosis;
• Typhoid;
• Meningitis;
• Clamidioses.

At infectious diseases of other etiology which are caused by the activators sensitive to drug Levomycetinum is shown at inefficiency of other chemotherapeutic means or in cases when their use is impossible because of individual intolerance.

In ophthalmology Levomycetinum is shown for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of eyes:

• Blepharitis;
• Konjyuktivita;
• Keratitis.

Contraindications

According to the instruction use of Levomycetinum is contraindicated at:

• Individual intolerance of active ingredient;
• Various diseases of skin, including psoriasis, fungal infections, eczema;
• Hemopoiesis oppression.

Levomycetinum according to the instruction is not applied at pregnancy, at newborns, and also in the period of a lactation.

Children and adults should not appoint levomycetinum at quinsy, acute respiratory diseases, and also with the preventive purpose and at easy forms of infectious processes.

It is impossible to appoint levomycetinum along with:

• Streptocides;
• Dipheninum;
• Butamidum;
• Cytostatics;
• Pyrazyl ketone derivatives;
• Neodicoumarin;
• Barbiturates.

Application instruction of Levomycetinum

In the tablets Levomycetinum apply inside for half an hour to food.

Usually adults accept 1-2 tablets Levomycetinum (on 0,25 g) 3-4 times a day, but no more than 2 g of drug a day. In especially hard cases the maximum dose can make 4 g, divided into 3-4 receptions, under strict control of function of a liver and kidneys and conditions of blood.

The single dose of Levomycetinum for children up to 3 years is calculated proceeding from weight – 10-15 mg on 1 kg, children of 3-8 years – 0,15-2 g, children of more advanced age – 0,2-0,3 mg on 1 kg of weight.

The single dose of Levomycetinum is accepted by children from 3 to 4 times a day depending on the course of a disease.

Duration of a course of treatment Levomycetinum according to the instruction makes 7-10 days, and in certain cases, at good tolerance of drug and lack of side effects – up to two weeks.

The solution prepared from powder is applied to intravenous and intramuscular administration. To children Levomycetinum is appointed only intramusculary for what contents of a bottle are dissolved in 2-3 ml of water for injections. At a diabetes mellitus for jet intravenous administration contents of a bottle are dissolved in 10 ml of water for injections. Injections carry out at regular intervals. Duration of a course of treatment and doses are defined by Levomycetinum individually.

Adult usually appoint 2-3 times a day 500-1000 mg of Levomycetinum, and at heavy infections the dose can be increased twice, but no more than 4000 mg a day.

In ophthalmology ready solution is applied to instillations or parabulbar injections, digging in in a conjunctival sac on several drops 5% of solution of Levomycetinum from 3 to 5 times a day. Course duration usually makes from 5 to 15 days.

Description of side effects of Levomycetinum and responses

According to the description and responses, at use of Levomycetinum various side effects can be shown:

• Thrombocytopenia;
• Leukopenia;
• Reticulocytopenia;
• The allergic reactions shown as skin rashes;
• Cytoplasmatic vacuolation of early erythrocyte forms;
• Reduction of level of hemoglobin of blood.

Usually these side effects are reversible and pass independently after cancellation of Levomycetinum.

Also according to the instruction and responses Levomycetinum can cause:

• Confusion of consciousness;
• Decrease in auditory acuity and sight;
• Psychomotor frustration;
• Visual and auditory hallucinations;
• The Dispepsichesky phenomena – vomiting, nausea or a liquid chair.

At use of Levomycetinum for children of chest age the cardiovascular collapse in rare instances can develop.

Storage conditions

Period of storage of tablets – 3 years, powder for preparation of solution for injections – 4 years, eye drops – it is possible to store 2 years, at the same time the opened bottle no more than a month.