Synacthenum

Synacthenum – a synthetic analog of adrenocorticotropic hormone, one of hypophysis hormones.

Pharmacological action of Synacthenum

Active agent of the drug Synacthenum is тетракозактид, the adrenokortikotropnopodobny connection representing the first 24 amino acids of endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (AKTG). Has all AKTG properties: has a promoting effect on bark of adrenal glands, inducing development of glucocorticosteroids, mineralokortikoid, and also androgens (to a lesser extent). Thereby Synacthenum makes difficult impact on an organism: antiallergic, immunodepressive, antiinflammatory. Under its influence there is a braking of synthesis of connecting fabric. As well as AKTG, takes part in a proteinaceous, carbohydrate, lipidic and mineral metabolism.

Form of release and structure

Is issued in the form of the ampoules containing suspension for injections in two types – Synacthenum and Synacthenum depot (the same medicinal substance, but the prolonged action).

Each ampoule contains 1 ml of a tetrakozaktid + excipients.

1 packaging contains 10 ampoules, the ampoule scarificator and the instruction of Synacthenum.

Indications to use of Synacthenum

According to the instruction Synacthenum is shown at the following states:

• Exacerbation of multiple sclerosis;
• The infantile myoclonic encephalopathy accompanied with a hypsarrhythmia;
• Collagenoses, especially rheumatic origin at inefficiency of therapy by glucocorticosteroids or intolerance of glucocorticosteroids;
• Skin diseases with the expressed immune component: psoriasis, eczema, pemphigoid and other dermatosis;
• Ulcer colitis;
• Enteritis;
• Bronchial asthma, including asthmatic status;
• Quincke's disease;
• Nephrotic syndrome;
• In complex therapy of oncological diseases for simplification of side effects at chemotherapy;
• During diagnosis of hypofunction of bark of adrenal glands.

Application instruction of Synacthenum

According to the instruction Synacthenum is appointed in the form of intramuscular injections, an average dosage of 1 mg once a day. Before use the ampoule with medicinal substance needs to be stirred up several times.

Dosage for adults: for stopping of the asthmatic status and during treatment of an oncopathology appoint 1 mg of Synacthenum each 12 hours, reducing a dosage after elimination of the acute phenomena. Further the dose gradually decreases: 1 mg of drug once a day, then 1 time in two days, then 0,5mg each 2 or 3 days. Sharp drug withdrawal is inadmissible.

Dosage to children: for children of chest age the single dose makes 0,25mg, for children of younger school age - 0,25-0,5mg, an average and the advanced school age - 0,5-1mg.

Side effects

When performing therapy Synacthenum noted the following undesirable effects:

• Decrease in immunity;
• Disturbances of water and electrolytic exchange: hypostases as a result of a water delay, an imbalance of sodium, hypo - or a hyperpotassemia;
• Increase in arterial pressure;
• Myasthenia;
• Steroid myopathy;
• Osteoporosis;
• Emergence of skin pigmentation, itch, rash, hyperemia in the place of an injection;
• Icenco-Cushing syndrome;
• Frustration of mentality;
• Erosive cankers of a digestive tract;
• At the children undergoing prolonged treatment by Synacthenum the growth inhibition and a hypertrophy of a myocardium is possible.

Special instructions

In need of long administration of drug observance of a diet with restriction of salt is necessary for elimination of an electrolytic imbalance. Also in this case carry out replacement therapy by potassium drugs.

At parallel reception of Synacthenum with antidiabetic and anti-hypertensive drugs correction of a dosage of the last towards increase can be necessary.

In pediatric practice long therapy by Synacthenum demands observation of growth of the child and periodic carrying out an ECG.

Contraindications to use of Synacthenum

According to the instruction of Synacthenum drug is contraindicated in the following situations:

• Individual hypersensitivity to a tetrakozaktid;
• Ulcer diseases of digestive tract (peptic ulcer of a stomach and duodenum, ulcer colitis);
• Chronic heart failure;
• Acute psychosis;
• Infectious diseases;
• Icenco-Cushing syndrome;
• Adrenogenital syndrome;
• Pregnancy;

Synacthenum is not applied at newborns and at premature children.

With care drug is appointed at a diabetes mellitus, a hypertension, a myasthenia, gastrointestinal diseases, osteoporosis, tendency to a thrombogenesis.

Rules of storage and issue

It is necessary to store Synacthenum out of access of direct light, in the dry place, at the air temperature which is not exceeding +15 °C. To protect from children.

It is released according to the recipe of the doctor.