Stomatitis

Stomatitis is a damage of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity.

General information about stomatitis

The name "stomatitis" came from the Greek word "ostomy" that in transfer "oral cavity" means.

Stomatitis in certain cases is independent defeat, and in some – one of symptoms of other disease. For example, at such diseases as chicken pox, an adenoviral infection and at some diseases of blood defeat mucous a mouth needs to be regarded as one of signs of a basic disease.

Stomatitis – not an infectious disease, but at herpes which is a high-contagious disease damage of a mucous membrane will be one of its symptoms.

Stomatitis meets quite often, especially at children's age. It needs to be distinguished from a leukoplakia of which the local thickening and keratinization of an epithelium is characteristic.

Types of stomatitis

If all mucous membrane of a mouth is affected, then speak about stomatitis. But if defect mucous is only on some certain site, then defeat is called according to its name. For example, if the sore is in language – a glossitis, on a lip – the cheilitis, in the sky – palatinit.

By origin stomatitis happens virus, bacterial, fungal, traumatic, allergic. On characteristic symptoms stomatitises subdivide on catarral, ulcer and aphthous.

Stomatitis reasons

About mechanisms of development and the reasons of stomatitis there are many opinions, but up to the end uniform scheme its origins (pathogeny) remains not clear. It is authentically known of a role of immune system in emergence of defeats. When local immunity faces unknown alien substances, it cannot define them, it provokes the attack of leukocytes (protective cells of immunity) and damage of a mucous membrane. At reduced immunity stomatitis regularly repeats.

Such factors as disturbance in an oral cavity of constant structure of microflora, activation of opportunistic fungi of a sort Candida, diseases of a digestive tract – gastritises, colitis, helminthic invasions cause emergence of stomatitis (they first of all also provoke дисбиоз in a mouth).

Stomatitis at adults can be a symptom of the general diseases of an organism, for example, at cardiovascular problems or disbolism.

Burns, mechanical damages mucous a mouth, dental problems are followed by stomatitis (including, a dental calculus, prostheses which are not suitable by the size).

Displays of a disease

Stomatitis at adults and children has approximately similar picture, and the main thing directed by this diagnosis are complaints of the patient and outward of changes in an oral cavity.

Pain and discomfort – the very first and unpleasant symptoms of stomatitis, they appear even before reddenings visible to an eye at catarral process or sores and афт at ulcer and aphthous stomatitis. Pain amplifies during food, especially rough, too acute, hot or acid.

Mucous a mouth becomes edematous, hyperemic. As the symptom of stomatitis can appear a whitish, yellowish or brownish plaque, sometimes with an unpleasant smell. It happens because of decrease in the protective and clearing properties of saliva. The surface of gums becomes friable, easily vulnerable and sanguifluous. Salivation – hypersalivation increases.

The stomacace at children proceeds heavier, than at adults. Most often they observe transition to an ulcer form from catarral that is if treatment of stomatitis is not begun in time. In this case on a surface of an oral cavity it is possible to find single or multiple defects of a mucous membrane in the form of sores.

If edges at sores are a little raised, with a bright red border, and at the bottom of sores the plaque was formed, and the amount of defeat is no more than lentil kernel, then such stomatitis call aphthous. Stomatitis at children can be followed by temperature increase, severe local pains and disturbance of overall health.

Treatment of stomatitis

First of all at treatment of stomatitis it is necessary to remove the proximate cause which caused it if it is possible, of course (for example, at a dental calculus, painful teeth). In food it is possible to eat only the warm, mechanically sparing food it is as little as possible to injure the inflamed mucous membrane.

The oral cavity is subjected to processing by antiseptic agents several times a day. As antiseptic agents at treatment of stomatitis it is possible to use water infusions of a camomile, a calendula in a warm look, 0,05% aqueous solution of a hlorgeksidin or a miramistin or methylene blue, light pink solution of potassium permanganate.

Sores well heal if to process them weak solution of 3% peroxide of hydrogen. At viral stomatitises at adults and children it is possible to apply locally interferon solutions to 4 – 6 times a day. At stomatitis as specific process (at syphilis, tuberculosis) purpose of etiotropic antibacterial drugs is required.

At stomatitis at children it is important to eliminate a painful factor. Therefore often by it in addition appoint mestnoanesteziruyushchy means (for example, gels Kamistad, Kalgel, Holisal).