Ventolinum

Ventolinum is a medicine for elimination of attacks of asthma (bronchial) and other reversible diseases with obstruction of bronchial tubes.

Main active ingredient: salbutamol.

Pharmacological action

Salbutamol influences _{beta2-adrenoceptors} and by that causes a bronchiectasia at a bronchospasm. Influences _{beta1-adrenoceptors} of heart slightly. Antiallergic action consists in prevention of allocation from mast cells of a histamine and other mediators (slowly reacting substance).

10-20% of a dose are soaked up in the general blood stream with which gets into a liver and turns into simple connections which are removed by kidneys. The rest of the entered drug dose, gets to the alimentary system and also is soaked up from intestines in blood.

The beginning of action of Ventolinum for inhalations falls on the 5th minute. The effect of salbutamol lasts for from 4 to 6 h.

Release form

Ventolinum is issued in the following forms:

• Tablets – on 20, 50 and 100 pieces in 1 packaging, 1 таб. contain 2 and 4 mg of salbutamol.
• Syrup on 150 ml in a bottle – 2 mg in 1 ml.
• Two-layer tablets of 0.008 g on 20 or 50 pieces in packaging.
• Ventolinum for inhalations:

- Nebula Ventolinum (the dosed aerosol in plastic ampoules) - 200 doses in 1 bottle. On 2,5 ml in the nebul.
- The dosed aerosol without freon (chlorofluorocarbons which destroy an ozone layer) - 200 doses in 1 bottle. 100 mkg of salbutamol in 1 dose.

• Syrup for internal reception – on 2 mg in 2 ml, in a bottle of 50 ml.

Indications to use of Ventolinum

In the instruction to Ventolinum it is specified that drug is accepted at bronchial asthma (for stopping of attacks) and for prevention of attacks of a bronchospasm owing to allergic reactions and exercise stresses.

Also appoint for long therapy of bronchial asthma and other obstructive diseases of lungs (emphysema, bronchitis).

Application instruction of Ventolinum and dose

Ventolinum for inhalations appoint the adult for elimination of an attack of a bronchospasm po100-200 mkg once.

For preventive treatment a daily dose - on 200 mkg 3-4 times; before an exercise stress or contact with allergen - 200 mkg in 15 min. prior to influence of a factor.

To children recommend to apply Ventolinum to a stop of an attack of a bronchospasm:

• 1-2 mg of means aged from 2 up to 6 years,
• 2 mg of drug aged from 6 up to 12 years,
• 2-4 mg aged from 12 years.

For prevention - 100-200 mkg three times a day.

Syrup is appointed by the adult on 2 ml by 3-4 times a day. At emergency the dose is raised to 4 ml.

It is impossible to apply Ventolinum to inhalations more often than 4 times a day.

For elderly people the dose of drug makes 2 mg three times a day.

Nebula's Ventolinum is intended for inhalations:

• For adults the dose makes 2,5 mg (at most to 5 mg), use of the nebulizer to 4 times a day.
• For children the dose makes 2,5 mg, is applied to 4 times a day.

Use of Ventolinum of Nebula:

1. To take out a nebula from a bag;
2. To stir up it and holding for the upper edge, to turn for opening;
3. To insert into the nebulizer the open end down and to press slightly;
4. To assemble the nebulizer;
5. To use the nebulizer with medicine inside.

Generally the total daily dose for use of Ventolinum should not exceed 8 - 10 inhalations (at the patients who are not applying Serevent). In case of insufficient efficiency such patients have to have a revised plan of treatment. Use of spacers increases efficiency of use.

Side effects

In the instruction to Ventolinum the following side effects of drug are specified:

• easy tremor of hands,
• headache,
• excitement and hyperactivity at children,
• vasodilatation and increase in ChSS,
• disturbance of a cordial rhythm,
• paradoxical bronchospasm,
• allergic reactions (arterial hypotension, Quincke's disease, bronchospasm).

Contraindications to use of Ventolinum

Use of Ventolinum is contraindicated in the following cases: at hypersensitivity to means components, at pregnancy which proceeds with complications.

When feeding the child a breast drug is taken with caution, there are no data on its safety for children of chest age.

Special instructions

Use of Ventolinum is possible only according to the recipe of the doctor as one of components of complex therapy.

Decrease in efficiency of Ventolinum demands repeated inspection of the patient.

The sudden aggravation of symptoms of the patient at administration of drug can be life-threatening therefore it is necessary to ask urgently for the help the doctor. With care apply at a thyrotoxicosis.

It is necessary to carry out control of level of potassium to blood regularly.

Overdose

The overdose of medicine is shown by the expressed tachycardia. In such cases Ventolinum is replaced with the cardioselective beta blocking means.

Medicinal interaction

It is not recommended to appoint Ventolinum along with propranolol.

Conditions and periods of storage

Medicine is stored in the room protected from sunshine, at air temperature not above 30 °C; it is impossible to freeze. The maximum period of validity for an aerosol – 3 years, for an aerosol without freon – 2 years.