Diseases of ears

Now the set of diseases of ears is known. However it is most often possible to meet two: inflammatory process on average or outside ear and neurosensory relative deafness. Respectively, symptoms of diseases of ears will also be various.

Otitis or inflammation of an ear

Otitis is the inflammatory process which is localized in an ear. The hemolitic streptococcus, a pyocyanic stick, staphylococcus, a pneumococcus, and also the mushrooms and mycobacteria causing such serious pathology as ear tuberculosis can be contagiums at diseases of ears.

Otitis can be primary. However, it most often arises as an inflammation complication in other bodies when the infection with a blood flow, a lymph gets into an ear. Such otitis is called secondary. The most probable localization of primary center of an inflammation are bodies of a nasopharynx. Often become complicated: quinsies, scarlet fever, flu, antritises, frontal sinusitis, etc. of an infection.

Such patients who in the past had microtraumas of ears, disturbances of the general or decrease in local immunity, allergic predisposition, the wrong hygiene of ears, inborn increase in function of glands of acoustical pass which leads to emergence of cerumen impaction get into risk group.

The patients receiving earlier medicines of some pharmacological groups also enter into risk group. Most often at their use aminoglikozidny antibiotics cause complications of this sort.

Understand as microtraumas how mechanical impact on ears (blows, bruises, stings), and influence thermal, chemical, acoustic (a long or short-term strong sound), vibration, and also the barotrauma arising at sharp changes of atmospheric pressure.

At children developing of diseases of ears is promoted by various foreign bodys: pebbles, buttons, peas, etc. Often such objects can remain in an ear several days, and only when developing otitis their existence is found.

At adults foreign bodys get into an ear more often at hygiene violation of the rules. These are fragments of matches, cotton wool, is more rare – insects.

Symptoms of a disease of ears

The most often found symptom at diseases of ears is pain. Its intensity is extremely changeable: from an easy pricking to extreme degree of the intensity interrupting the patient's sleep. Pain can give to eyes, a mandible, a temple, and also to cause a diffuse headache on side of the affected ear. The pain syndrome can sharply amplify when walking, swallowing, chewing.

Less often such symptom as reddening meets. It without survey is noticeable at an inflammation of an outside ear.

At the expressed inflammatory process in an ear all-infectious symptoms can appear: hyperthermia, weakness, chilling, loss of appetite, general weakness and sleep disorder.

At average otitises patients can feel splash or transfusion of liquid in the ear cavities which are especially expressed at change of position of the head.

In far come cases at diseases of ears allocations of various character can appear: putrefactive, purulent, bloody, serous.

Symptoms of diseases of ears can also be the following:

• decrease in hearing;
• feeling of noise in an ear;
• autophonia (perception of sounding of own voice at the stuffed-up ear);
• relative deafness within any frequency;
• deafness;
• dizziness.

At external examination come to light a swelling, reddening of an outside ear, a crust or small bubbles in outside acoustical pass, traces having combed.

The palpation when pressing on a trestle or a mastoid is often painful.

Treatment of diseases of ears

For treatment of diseases of ears of inflammatory character local antibiotics and antiseptic agents are appointed. At the expressed disturbance of the general state, far come process, and also if otitis is secondary, appoint system antibiotics. The specialist has to be engaged in selection of an antibioticotherapia.

Fungus diseases of ears

Causative agents of mycoses of ears more often are drozhzhepodobny mushrooms. In many cases emergence of fungus diseases of ears is the indicator of the fact that in an organism there is a certain sort an immunodeficiency.

The most frequent complaint at mycoses of an ear are liquid allocations of white, yellowish, green colors. Patients are disturbed by a sonitus, an itch, feeling of a congestion of an ear. The pain syndrome, as a rule, is absent. Can be decrease in hearing on the party of defeat, dizziness.

The reasons contributing to developing of mycosis are similar to the reasons promoting development of otitis.

For treatment of fungus diseases of ears it is important to define specific specificity of mushrooms. After that appoint anti-mycotic drugs: Amphotericinum In, натамицин, итраконазол, флуконазол, кетоконазол, тербинафин. Antihistaminic drugs since many fungi highly allergens have to be at the same time appointed.

At treatment of fungus diseases of ears it is necessary to cancel antibiotics, and also to carry out the immunoadjusting and fortifying therapy.

Fungal infections are inclined to a recurrent current therefore after clinical treatment carrying out numerous mycologic researches is recommended.