B Amphotericinum

B Amphotericinum – an antifungal antibiotic medicine of a broad spectrum of activity.

Form of release and structure

Amphotericinum of B is released in the following forms:

• Lyophilisate for preparation of solution for infusions and inhalations: yellow hydroscopic porous weight with contents in 1 bottle of 50 000 PIECES of the active agent of the same name (in bottles on 10 or 20 ml);
• Ointment for external use: yellow color, with contents in 1 g 30 000 PIECES of the active agent of the same name (in tubas on 15 g and 30 g).

Excipients as a part of ointment: liquid paraffin, polysorbate 80, medical vaseline.

Indications to use

Active agent B Amphotericinum depending on sensitivity of the activator and concentration in biological liquids has fungistatic or fungicidal effect.

Drug is active concerning mushrooms of the sort Fonsecaea, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida, Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitans, Aspergillus, Sporothrix schenckii, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and also leyshmaniye.

Inhalation and parenteral use Amphotericinum of B is shown:

• Candidiasis of internals;
• Digestive tract candidiasis, intestinal kandidonositelstvo;
• Coccidioidosis;
• The chronic granulematozny and disseminated candidiasis;
• Histoplasmosis;
• Cryptococcosis;
• Chromomycosis;
• North American zymonematosis;
• Aspergillosis;
• Mold mycosis;
• Sporotrichosis.

Ointment Amphotericinum of B is appointed at treatment of candidiasis of skin and mucous membranes.

Contraindications

Use Amphotericinum of B is contraindicated at the following diseases:

• Diabetes mellitus;
• The expressed disturbances of functions of a liver and kidneys;
• Diseases of the hemopoietic system;
• Hypersensitivity to components of ointment and lyophilisate.

The question of prescription of medicine to the feeding and pregnant women is solved the doctor individually taking into account assessment of possible advantage and harm for health of mother and the child.

Route of administration and dosage

Before intravenous administration Amphotericinum of B establish the exact weight of the patient and calculate a necessary dose at the rate of 250 PIECES/kg. For definition of individual portability at first enter 100 PIECES/kg, and in the absence of side effects gradually increase a dose to 1000 PIECES/kg.

In order to avoid cumulation the medicine is entered by 1-2 times a week or every other day.

Duration of a medical course is defined by weight and localization of a disease, and, as a rule, makes not less than 1-2 months. The general course dose of a medicine – 1,5-2 mln units, in a month repeat treatment.

Inhalations carry out 1-2 times a day 15-20 minutes on 10 ml on the procedure that corresponds to a daily dose of 1000-2000 PIECES/kg of body weight of the patient. Treatment duration – 10-14 days, in a week it is possible to repeat a course.

Solution is prepared just before use, dissolving bottle contents in number of 50 000 PIECES in 10 ml of water for injections.

Ointment Amphotericinum of B is applied a thin layer on affected areas of skin by 2-4 times a day. The medical course depends on indications:

• Candidiasis of folds of skin – 1-3 weeks;
• Intertrigo at children – 7-14 days;
• Paronychia and defeats of interdigital intervals – from 2 weeks to 1 month.

Side effects

External use B Amphotericinum in the form of ointment can cause a pricking, dryness, burning and erubescence.

At inhalation and parenteral use of a medicine there can be nausea, pain in epigastriums, deterioration in appetite and sight, vomiting, a leukopenia, anemia, a headache, a diplopia, polyneuropathy, arrhythmia, hypertensia, an azotemia, a hypopotassemia, a proteinuria, acidosis, an itch, rash, a Quincke's edema, a bronchospasm, contact allergic dermatitis, cold, irritation in a throat, cough, a fever, temperature increase.

Special instructions

Therapy Amphotericinum of B needs to be stopped at development of anemia.

Ointment under occlusive bandages should not be applied.

During treatment it is necessary to control systematically a pattern of peripheral blood, function of kidneys and a liver.

If in 1-2 weeks effect of use Amphotericinum of B is insufficient, it is necessary to see a doctor behind specification of the scheme of treatment.

Analogs

Analogs B Amphotericinum on the mechanism of action are such drugs as Ambiz, Amfoglyukamin, Amfotsil, Amfolip.

Terms and storage conditions

B Amphotericinum in all dosage forms is released on doctor's orders. A lyophilisate period of validity – 4 years, ointments – 2 years (on condition of their storage taking into account recommendations of the producer: lyophilisate – at a temperature of 2-10 °C, ointment – to 4 °C).