Droperidolum

Droperidolum – drug with antiemetic, antipsychotic and antishock action.

Form of release and structure

Droperidolum is released in the form of solution for injections (in ampoules on 2 or 5 ml, on 5 or 10 ampoules in a cardboard pack, or on 5 ampoules in blister strip packagings, on 1, 2, 20, 30, 50, 100 packagings in a cardboard pack; on 5 or 10 ml in bottles, on 5 bottles in blister strip packagings, on 30 or 50 packagings in a cardboard pack).

Active agent is a part of 1 ml of solution: Droperidolum – 2,5 mg.

Indications to use

• Surgery: introduction anesthesia, premedication, potentiation of the general and regional anesthesia; a neuroleptanalgesia (along with fentanyl); providing sedation, elimination of vomiting and pain in the postoperative period, vomitings and nausea during surgical and diagnostic manipulations;
• Therapy: shock and pain at injuries, heavy attacks of stenocardia, a myocardial infarction, hypertensive crisis, a fluid lungs;
• Psychiatric practice: hallucinations, psychomotor excitement.

Contraindications

• Coma;
• Extrapyramidal disturbances;
• Increase in an interval of QT at an ECG;
• Heavy depression;
• Hypopotassemia;
• Cesarean section;
• Arterial hypotension;
• Age up to 2 years;
• Hypersensitivity to components of drug and derivatives of morphine.

Use of Droperidolum by pregnant women perhaps only in cases when the estimated advantage for health of mother is higher than potential risk for a fruit. In case of need drug uses by women during a lactation breastfeeding need to be stopped.

Route of administration and dosage

The dose of Droperidolum is defined individually, considering the nature of a disease, age, the general physical state, body weight used at the same time drugs, a type of the forthcoming anesthesia.

The adult for premedication in 15-45 minutes prior to the beginning of surgical intervention intramusculary enter 2,5-5 mg of Droperidolum, to children – at the rate of 100 mkg/kg.

The adult for introduction to anesthesia drug appoint in a dose 15-20 mg (intravenously). To children perhaps intravenous (in a dose of 200-400 mkg/kg) or intramuscular (in a dose of 300-600 mkg/kg) introduction.

For maintenance of anesthesia at long operations perhaps repeated intravenous administration of Droperidolum in a dose of 2,5-5 mg.

During the postoperative period the adult each 6 hours are appointed intramusculary on 2,5-5 mg.

Side effects

At use of Droperidolum development of disturbances from some systems of an organism is possible:

• Central nervous system: drowsiness, a dysphoria in the postoperative period and, on the contrary, at use of the raised doses – fear, motor excitability, concern; seldom – extrapyramidal symptoms; in some cases in the postoperative period – a depression, hallucinations;
• Cardiovascular system: tachycardia and moderate arterial hypotension (usually special therapy is not required); seldom or never – arterial hypertension (it is the most probable – at the combined use with fentanyl or other analgetics entered parenterally);
• Alimentary system: dispepsichesky phenomena, appetite loss, nausea; seldom – tranzitorny abnormal liver functions, jaundice;
• Allergic reactions: seldom – dizziness, anaphylactic reactions, a shiver, a bronchospasm, a laryngospasm.

Special instructions

Droperidolum should be applied only in stationary conditions.

It is necessary to appoint drug with care the patient with functional disturbances of kidneys and a liver, a depression, epilepsy, and also at the states preceding an epileptic seizure.

At a pheochromocytoma after introduction of Droperidolum tachycardia and heavy arterial hypertension can develop.

During therapy it is necessary to expect a possibility of development of the expressed arterial hypotension. Also drug can cause pressure decline in a pulmonary artery that needs to be considered during diagnostic and surgical procedures. The patients receiving Droperidolum need careful medical control.

The initial dose of drug should be reduced to the patients of advanced age exhausted and physically weakened by the patient. At increase in a dose it is necessary to be guided by the gained effect.

It is necessary to appoint Droperidolum in a smaller dose at simultaneous use with the medicines exerting the oppressing impact on the central nervous system. Respectively, after Droperidolum of a dose of such drugs also reduce.

Use of Droperidolum in the raised doses (25 mg and more) can lead to the sudden death of patients with disturbances of a cordial rhythm against the background of alcoholic abstinence, a hypoxia or disturbances of electrolytic balance.

In surgical practice at use of drug it is necessary to control parameters of a physiological condition of an organism carefully. When carrying out peridural or spinal anesthesia development of blockade of a sympathetic nervous system and intercostal nerves is possible that, in turn, can lead to breath difficulty, development of arterial hypotension and expansion of peripheral vessels.

To avoid developing of orthostatic hypotension it is recommended to be careful when transporting the patient, to avoid a sharp postural change of a body.

Against the background of action of Droperidolum and within 24 hours after its use it is necessary to avoid performance of potentially dangerous works demanding bystry psychomotor reactions and high concentration of attention.

Medicinal interaction

At simultaneous use of Droperidolum with some medicines there can be undesirable effects:

• The drugs exerting the oppressing impact on the central nervous system (derivatives of benzodiazepine, anesthetic, opioid analgetics, hypnagogues): strengthening of the oppressing influence on the central nervous system;
• Anti-hypertensive drugs: potentiation of their action;
• Epinephrinum and others adreno-and sympathomimetic means: manifestation in their relation of antagonism;
• Dopamine agonists, including Bromocriptinum, лизурид and a levodopa: inhibition of their action.

Terms and storage conditions

To store in protected from light, the place, dry, unavailable to children, at a temperature up to 20 °C.

Period of validity – 5 years.