Fansidar

Fansidar – the antimalarial combined medicine.

Delagil – Fansidar's analog by the principle of action.

Structure and form of release of Fansidar

Fansidar is issued in the following dosage forms:

• in the form of tablets;
• in the form of solution for intramuscular introduction.

One tablet, or in one ampoule (2,5 ml) of solution of drug contains 500 mg of sulphadoxine and 25 mg of Pyrimethaminum. The following auxiliary components are a part of tablets of medicine: gelatin, lactose, starch corn, talc, magnesium stearate.

Pharmacological action of Fansidar

According to the instruction Fansidar possesses antiprotozoan, antimalarial action. The operating components of drug are active concerning sexless intraerythrocyte forms of malarial plasmodiums (trofozoid, schizonts). Combined action of sulphadoxine and Pyrimethaminum suppresses activity of two important enzymes influencing biosynthesis of folinovy acid in microorganisms. Parasites perish after single introduction of Fansidar.

This medicine is active concerning the majority of strains of plasmodiums, pathogenic for the person, - P. vivax, P. Malariae, P. falciparum, P. ovale including concerning the strains steady against Pyrimethaminum and to the known derivatives 4 aminoquinolines.

However in South America, in the Central and East Africa, and also in Southeast Asia strains of P. falciparum with the developed resistance to the operating medicine components Fansidar are revealed.

Drug is also effective at the infectious diseases caused by Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii.

Indications to Fansidar's use

Select the following indications to Fansidar's use:

• treatment of a toxoplasmosis;
• prevention of a pneumocystic infection;
• treatment and prevention of malaria.

Contraindications

• hypersensitivity to streptocides;
• chest age up to two months;
• renal and/or liver failure;
• defeat of a parenchyma of a liver;
• oppression of a marrowy hemopoiesis;
• blood diseases;
• first trimester of pregnancy;
• lactation period.

The damaging action of Pyrimethaminum on a fruit on early durations of gestation which is neutralized at a concomitant use of Fansidar and folinovy acid is proved.

Fansidar: the instruction to use

According to the instruction Fansidar in the form of tablets is recommended to accept after meal, washing down with a significant amount of water (not to chew). Solution for intramuscular introduction is entered deeply.

Together with Fansidar according to the instruction about a week is recommended to accept quinine (for decrease in risk of development of a recurrence).

Apply the following single doses of Fansidar to treatment of malaria (an uncomplicated form):

• adult appoint 3 tablets or 7,5 ml of solution for injections;
• children are from 10 to 14 years old – 2 tablets or 5 ml of solution;
• children are from 7 to 9 years old – 1,5 tablets or 3,5 ml;
• to children from 4 to 6 years – one tablet or 2,5 ml of solution;
• to children up to 4 years – 0,5 tablets or 1,5 ml of solution.

For prevention and the supporting treatment of malaria to patients with partial immunity Fansidara once in four weeks, and to patients without immunity – 1 tablet of drug once a week is recommended to take 2-3 pill. Children are from 9 to 14 years old – 2 tablets, to children from 4 to 8 years – one tablet, to children up to 4 years – 0,5 tablets. Children with partial immunity should accept the recommended dose once in four weeks, and to children without immunity – once in two weeks.

According to the instruction Fansidar begin to accept one week prior to departure to the endemic area, continue administration of drug during all term of stay, and also in the first six weeks after return.

For treatment of a toxoplasmosis to patients about 2 tablets of drug once a week for one-two months are recommended to accept.

To babies, and also children of younger age for prevention of pneumonia appoint 40 mg to 1 kg of body weight (on the content of sulphadoxine) each two weeks, the adult – one-two tablets a week.

Side effect of Fansidar

The recommended Fansidar's doses according to the instruction usually are transferred well.

As well as other medicines containing Pyrimethaminum or streptocides, Fansidar can cause the following by-effects:

• Skin reactions: itch, rash, hair loss. In rare instances – a Lyell's disease, Stephens-Johnson's syndrome;
• Reactions from a digestive tract: stomatitis, feeling of overflow of a stomach, slackness, nausea, vomiting, hepatitis (in some cases);

• Hematologic disturbances – a leukopenia (usually asymptomatic), anemia, thrombocytopenia, it is rare – an agranulocytosis. A case enter folinovy acid into these intramusculary;
• Others: sometimes – a headache, weakness, it is rare – pulmonary infiltrates, cough.

Medicinal interaction

Simultaneous use of Fansidar and Trimethoprimum promotes strengthening of disturbance of exchange of folic acid that can lead to emergence of hematologic changes.

Co-administration of Chloroquine and Fansidar can promote increase of frequency and strengthening of weight of side reactions in comparison with monotherapy by drug.

Overdose

Symptoms: spasms, appetite loss, nausea, excitement signs, vomiting. At emergence of spasms the patient should enter Diazepam or barbiturates immediately parenterally.