Lincomycin

Lincomycin – the antibiotic applied to treatment of various diseases caused by the majority of gram-positive bacteria.

Pharmacological action

Lincomycin, being an antibiotic, in therapeutic doses it is active in the relation:

• Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus pneumoniae;
• Bacteroides spp.;
• Mycoplasma spp.;
• Staphylococcus spp., including strains which produce a penicillinase;
• Corynebacterium diphtheriae;
• Clostridium spp.

According to the instruction, Lincomycin does not influence the majority of gram-negative bacteria, viruses, Enterococcus faecalis, mushrooms and protozoa.

Lincomycin slowly develops stability, is quickly distributed in fabrics and liquids of an organism, including a bone tissue, and gets through a placental barrier.

At use of Lincomycin it is necessary to consider that between clindamycin and drug there is a cross resistance.

Release form

Lincomycin is produced in a look:

• The Lincomycin capsules, white with yellow lid, containing 250 mg of active ingredient – hydrochloride lincomycin, in the form of powder of white color, on 10, 20, 360 pieces in packaging;
• 2% of ointment for external use, on 10 or 15 g in tubas;
• Solution for intramuscular and intravenous administration of the Lincomycin a hydrochloride containing 300 or 600 mg of active ingredient in an ampoule on 5, 10, 100 ampoules in packaging.

Indications to Lincomycin use

Lincomycin according to the instruction is applied to treatment of hard proceeding infectious and inflammatory diseases, including:

• Septic endocarditis;
• Pneumonia;
• Sepsis;
• Lung abscess;
• Wound fevers;
• Osteomyelitis;
• Pleura empyema.

Ointment Lincomycin is applied locally at treatment pyoinflammatory diseases of skin.

In stomatology Lincomycin is applied to treatment of various infections of maxillofacial system. Its main advantage in comparison with other antibiotics is ability to be deposited in a bone tissue and in teeth.

Quite often Lincomycin in stomatology is applied together with lidocaine to elimination of purulent processes at an ulitis, a periodontal disease or periodontitis.

Also Lincomycin is applied to avoid accession of consecutive infection on a wound surface in the field of a hole after extraction of tooth. There is no unambiguous opinion on expediency of use of drug in these cases.

There are no also direct instructions in the application instruction of Lincomycin in stomatology therefore the issue of its use needs to be resolved with the doctor.

Contraindications to Lincomycin use

According to the description, Lincomycin is contraindicated at sensitivity to active ingredients of drug (clindamycin or lincomycin), and also at the expressed disturbances of fuyektion of kidneys and a liver.

Use of Lincomycin is contraindicated in the period of a lactation and at pregnancy because of penetration of drug through a placental barrier.

Application instruction of Lincomycin

At reception of Lincomycin in capsules apply 3-4 times a day 500 mg. Usually duration of treatment makes from one to two weeks, at osteomyelitis – up to three weeks and more. Capsules of Lincomycin accept several hours prior to food, washing down with a small amount of liquid.

Intravenously Lincomycin according to the instruction is applied to 2 times a day on 600 mg.

Intravenously Linkomitsin a hydrochloride is applied kapelno, on 600 mg several times a day.

To children appoint Lincomycin capsules in the daily dose expected as 30-60 mg 1 kg of body weight.

If necessary the hydrochloride of Lincomycin is entered intravenously by each 8-12 hours at the rate of 10-20 mg on 1 kg of weight.

At topical administration in the form of ointment Lincomycin is applied with a thin layer on affected areas of skin several times a day. Ointment is applied with care at dermatomycoses and fungus diseases of skin.

At simultaneous use of Lincomycin with cephalosporins, penicillin, erythromycin or chloramphenicol there can be an antagonism of antimicrobic action, and at simultaneous use with aminoglycosides – an action synergism.

With care it is necessary to apply Lincomycin at the same time with means muscle relaxants of peripheral action and to an inhalation anesthesia because of a possibility of strengthening of neuromuscular blockade leading sometimes to development of an apnoea.

Antidiarrheal drugs lead to decrease in bactericidal effect of Lincomycin.

At use of Lincomycin it is necessary to consider that drug is pharmaceutical not compatible with:

• Novobiocin;
• Kanamycinum;
• Barbiturates;
• Calcium gluconate;
• Heparin;
• Ampicillin;
• Theophylline;
• Magnesium sulfate.

Side effects of Lincomycin

According to the instruction and responses, Lincomycin can cause the following side effects:

• Glossitis;
• Pains in epigastriums;
• Reversible leukopenia;
• Stomatitis;
• Exfoliative dermatitis;
• Diarrhea;
• Acute anaphylaxis;
• Increase in level of hepatic transaminases and bilirubin in a blood plasma;
• Nausea;
• Candidiasis;
• Neutropenia;
• Vomiting;
• Thrombocytopenia;
• Small tortoiseshell;
• Quincke's edema.

At prolonged use of Lincomycin in high doses development of pseudomembranous colitis is possible.

At intravenous use phlebitis can develop, at bystry intravenous administration the general weakness, dizziness, relaxation of skeletal muscles and a lowering of arterial pressure can be observed.

Storage conditions

Lincomycin is released according to the medical recipe. According to the description, a period of storage of capsules of Lincomycin – 4 years, solution for injections and ointment – 3 years.