Mycoplasmosis

General characteristic of a disease

Mycoplasmosis represents an acute infectious disease which causative agent are mycoplasmas. These microorganisms are intermediate between protests (one-celled live organisms) and multicellular bacteria and viruses. Among several tens types of mikoplazm 4 look provoking manifestation of symptoms of mycoplasmosis and causing serious complications of this disease are considered dangerous to the person.

 At women refer inflammatory processes of bodies of a small pelvis to mycoplasmosis effects. The disease is transmitted vnutriutrobno from mother to the child therefore can become the misbirth reason at mycoplasmosis at the woman on early durations of gestation. In the last trimester the disease quite often provokes the beginning of premature births. A way of transfer of mycoplasmosis at women preferential sexual.

Mycoplasmosis at children affects first of all a respiratory organs and an urinogenital path. The epithelium of these bodies becomes the favorable environment for reproduction of mikoplazm: mucous membranes of a nose, a throat, bronchial tubes, lungs, vulvas and vaginas at girls, a bladder at children of both floors. A way of infection with mycoplasmosis in this case – airborne or pre-natal.

Mycoplasmosis occurs at men much less often than other specific sexual infectious diseases, for example, of clamidiosis or gonorrhea. The high percent of mycoplasmosis at men is shown only in the form of a carriage of a microorganism and presence at blood of antibodies to an infection in the absence of symptoms of mycoplasmosis, per se. A way of infection with mycoplasmosis at men - airborne or sexual. The incubation interval of a disease makes 5-20 days, and on average 10 days. Early symptoms of mycoplasmosis at women remind gynecologic inflammatory process, and at men are close on a clinical picture to urethritis signs.

Mycoplasmosis symptoms

The mycoplasmal infection provokes a number of gynecologic diseases: salpingitis, endometritis, vaginitis, cervicitis. Existence of one of these diseases with the obscure etiology is an indirect symptom of mycoplasmosis at women and is characterized by scanty transparent vulval allocations, burning at an urination, groin pain, especially acute in time and after sexual intercourse. To mycoplasmosis symptoms with it is hidden by the proceeding nature of an infection will rank also usual not incubation of the child, a hydramnion, anomalies of a placenta and other complications of pregnancy. The chronic disease becomes frequent the reason of secondary infertility as one of the main symptoms of mycoplasmosis are disturbances of an ovogenesis – process of maturing of an ovum.

The hidden disease is characteristic of 40% of cases of mycoplasmosis at men. However in the conditions of easing of immunity or other stressful situation for an organism of a mycoplasma can be activated and cause manifestation of the expressed mycoplasmosis symptoms: a scanty transparent morning secret from an urethra, a nagging pain in a groin, discomfort and burning at an urination. At mycoplasmal defeat of testicles at men refer reddening, increase and morbidity of a scrotum to mycoplasmosis symptoms. In that case urogenital mycoplasmosis can lead to failures in process of formation of spermatozoa.

Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis

In diagnosis of mycoplasmosis the method of microscopic examination of a smear on flora is widely applied. It is the easiest and available way of studying of structure of allocations from an urethra, a neck of uterus and a vagina at women. At suspicion of mycoplasmosis at the man flora of allocations only of an urethra is investigated.

Mycoplasmosis can also be diagnosed by means of a method of bacteriological crops. He assumes cultivation of microorganisms from a smear in a special medium. Bacteriological crops - one of the most exact diagnostic methods of mycoplasmosis, but its carrying out take not less than 7 days. Carry a method of polymerase chain reaction with identification of DNA of the activator to additional diagnostic methods of mycoplasmosis and an immunofluorestseniya method with definition of antigens of mikoplazm.

Treatment of mycoplasmosis

Positive test for presence of mikoplazm at an organism is not the indication to treatment of mycoplasmosis yet. At the expressed symptoms of one of gynecologic or urological diseases which can provoke mycoplasmas the research of contents of smears on other types of pathogens is surely conducted. Mycoplasmas seldom in itself cause inflammatory processes of bodies of urinogenital system. The further strategy of treatment of mycoplasmosis depends on type of the found mikoplazm and infections accompanying them.

Complex treatment of mycoplasmosis assumes use of antifungal and antiprotozoan drugs, immune and physical therapy, and also instillation (irrigation) by liquid medicines of an urethra. In treatment of mycoplasmosis of the complicated or chronic form the combined antibiotics of a broad spectrum of activity are surely used. The course of treatment of mycoplasmosis lasts on average 10 days. In 2-3 weeks after a course of therapy control inspection is usually appointed.

Mycoplasmosis is characterized by high probability of a recurrence of a disease. To increase efficiency of treatment of mycoplasmosis and to reduce probability of repeated infection technologies of extracorporal antibacterial therapy are applied. Their essence in incubatory introduction of high doses of antibacterial drugs in combination with a plasmapheresis, i.e. purification of blood.

Prevention of mycoplasmosis

For prevention of mycoplasmosis it is recommended to use barrier methods of contraception and 1-2 times a year to have routine gynecologic or urological inspections.