Pseudotuberculosis

General information about a disease

The pseudotuberculosis is an acute infectious disease which is caused by colibacilli and is characterized by the expressed intoxication, defeats of an integument and digestive tract. The activator of a pseudotuberculosis is found in the soil, water, an organism of many animal species. The main carriers are rodents.

Pseudotuberculosis bacteria a long time survive in external environment and in products, keeping productive capacity within 2-3 months. At thermal treatment they quickly perish therefore one of the most effective preventive measures is the correct cooking. The greatest attention should be paid to products of winter storage (potatoes, cabbage, carrots) as they often catch rodents. Besides, it is necessary to be careful at the use of milk, sour cream, cottage cheese and other dairy products which are eaten without preliminary thermal treatment. Quite often the pseudotuberculosis is found also in water from open reservoirs.

The infection affects people of any age, but the greatest number of cases of infection with a pseudotuberculosis is noted at children of the first years of life.

Pathogeny

Activators of a pseudotuberculosis get to an organism with water or food. In a stomach microbes are fixed, begin to breed and get into regional lymph nodes, causing their inflammation. To find a pseudotuberculosis in children which symptoms at early stages practically prove nothing, extremely difficult. Generally the infection is diagnosed after hit in various systems and bodies when there is a mass death of activators which is followed release of toxins. Only after that patients with a pseudotuberculosis have characteristic symptoms of a disease: defeats of bodies, fever, intoxication.

Pathoanatomical researches of the died patients revealed that, anyway, the pseudotuberculosis strikes all vital systems of an organism. In bodies of people sick with a pseudotuberculosis nonspecific changes of dystrophic character, microabscesses, granulomas were found. For this reason to treat псевдотурбекулез at children it is necessary right after diagnosis that reduces risk of development of heavy complications. Let's notice also that the postponed infection creates very weak immunity. Sometimes it does not appear at all therefore quite possible recurrence and repeated cases of a pseudotuberculosis.

Pseudotuberculosis symptoms

The disease begins sharply and proves:

• fever;
• fever;
• fervescence to 38-39 degrees;
• symptoms general intoxication of an organism;
• headache;
• severe pains in joints and muscles;
• nausea, vomiting;
• skhvatkoobrazny or constant abdominal pains.

As a rule, sources of pains are localized in an anticardium, in the right lower part of a stomach and around a navel. Sometimes they extend to the area of the right hypochondrium. If there was a pseudotuberculosis at children, symptoms demonstrate serious frustration of the alimentary system. The chair becomes liquid or viscous, gets a specific pungent smell. When the pseudotuberculosis reaches a large intestine, in fecal masses impurity of slime or blood appear. Frequency of a chair increases to 15 times a day.

Characteristic symptoms of a pseudotuberculosis – so-called "hood" - face reddening and necks. Discoloration of an integument is observed also on brushes and feet. Usually reddening becomes noticeable for 3-5 day of a disease. It keeps within a week, and then disappears, leaving behind the shelled sites of skin.

Very often the pseudotuberculosis leads to emergence of a white fur. It disappears in 5-7 days after an onset of the illness then language gains saturated crimson color.

For diagnosis of a pseudotuberculosis both data of the anamnesis, and specific methods – serological and bacteriological are used. As at the diagnosis a pseudotuberculosis symptoms of a disease are similar to many other infections, at patients undertake: tests calla, blood, samples of cerebrospinal liquid and lymph nodes. For identification of tubercular antigens specialists use an enzyme immunoassay.

Treatment of a pseudotuberculosis

The pseudotuberculosis recovers by means of antibiotics, himiopreparat and streptocides. At pronounced symptoms of intoxication intravenous injection of 5% of solution of glucose or Haemodesum is shown to patients. Let's notice that the pseudotuberculosis demands the most responsible approach to the choice of means from children, especially antibiotics. To self-medicate – it is inadmissible. The child should be shown immediately to the doctor who will make the exact diagnosis and will pick up the most sparing drugs.

Duration of a course of treatment of a pseudotuberculosis depends on a disease form. If the started pseudotuberculosis is diagnosed, treatment will be longer as it is necessary to reveal consecutive infections and to recover work of the main systems of an organism. If there are indications, doctors can resort to operational treatment. The extract of patients is possible only after an absolute recovery and negative tests on availability of tubercular antigens.

Prevention of a pseudotuberculosis

The effective vaccine from a pseudotuberculosis does not exist therefore preventive actions come down to fight against rodents, observation of a condition of vegetable storehouses, observance of rules of hygiene at the enterprises which are engaged in processing, storage and transportation of food stuffs.