Atrophy
Atrophy (atrophia; and - – otritsa. Greek trophe – food) – the reduction of volume and mass of fabric or body which is followed by the termination or weakening of their function is frequent +; atrophies are the cornerstone of frustration of food of fabrics that leads to gradual substitution of parenchymatous elements fibrous fabric.
Allocate the following types of an atrophy:
- From inaction (synonym: the atrophy dysfunctional) – develops because of long decrease in a functional load on body;
- Brown (fusca) – develops because of accumulation in lipofuscin cells because of what color of body is painted in a brown shade; it is characteristic of cross-striped muscles, a liver, a myocardium;
- Smooth (glabra) – process extends evenly therefore the body keeps a smooth surface; the term is applied, as a rule, to a liver and kidneys;
- Hormonal (hormonalis) – develops because of disturbance of hormonal regulation of metabolism in fabric or body;
- From pressure (е compressione; synonym: the atrophy compression) – develops in the fabrics which are exposed to a long prelum;
- Replaceable (substitutiva) – an atrophy of closed glands because of long use of medicines with the content of hormones or analogs of the hormones produced by these glands;
- Granular (granularis) – process extends unevenly what melkobugristy character of a surface of body testifies to;
- Concentric (concentrica) – a kind of a bone atrophy at which usual ratios of the sizes of a marrowy cavity and a bast layer of a bone remain;
- Beam (radialis) – is caused by degenerative processes and the termination of reproduction of parenchymatous cells because of radiation defeat of an organism;
- Local (localis) – an atrophy of separate fabrics or bodies;
- Pathological (pathologica) – develops because of any pathological process; the term is applied as opposition of a physiological atrophy;
- Physiological (physiologica) – is a stage of an ontogeny of some bodies (an arterial channel, an umbilical artery, a thymus, etc.) or is observed at senile age;
- Eccentric (excentrica) – a kind of a bone atrophy; it is characterized by disturbance of usual ratios between a marrowy cavity and a bast layer of a bone (with its sharp thinning).
The liver is the heaviest body in our body. Its average weight makes 1,5 kg.
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