Tiyenam

Tiyenam – an antibiotic from group of karbapenem.

Tiyenam's list and form of release

Tiyenam release in two dosage forms:

• Powder for preparation of the solution for intravenous injections containing active components: 500 mg of an imipenem and 500 mg of a tsilastatin. Auxiliary components: sodium bicarbonate. In glass bottles on 20 and 115 ml;
• Powder for preparation of solution for the intramuscular introduction containing active components: 500 mg of an imipenem and 500 mg of a tsilastatin. In bottles on 5 ml.

Tiyenam's analogs are the following medicines: Grimipenem, Imipenem and циластатин, Imipiny with tsilastatiny, Tsilapenem, Tsilaspen.

Pharmacological action of Tiyenam

Tiyenam – the antibiotic possessing a broad spectrum of activity which part two components are.

Imipenem is derivative a tiyenamitsina. This is the first representative of karbapenem – a new class beta лактамных antibiotics.

Imipenem slows down synthesis of a cell wall of bacteria, has bactericidal effect concerning many gram-negative and gram-positive, anaerobic and aerobic pathogenic microorganisms. Imipenem is active even concerning those gram-positive microorganisms which only antibiotics of a narrow range affected earlier.

Tsilastatin of sodium – the specific enzyme which is slowing down metabolism of an imipenem in kidneys and promoting increase in concentration of an invariable imipenem in urinary tract.

According to the instruction on Tiyenam, his action spectrum includes Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacteroides fragilis and Enterococcus faecalis, various group of the pathogenic microorganisms on structure steady against antibiotics of other group.

The antibiotic Tiyenam is effective concerning many microorganisms, such as Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa steady against others beta лактамным to antibiotics. It is connected with the fact that Tiyenam is steady against destruction bacterial the beta lactamhadean.

According to reviews Tiyenam is active concerning almost all clinically significant pathogenic microorganisms.

Some strains of Pseudomonas cepacia, Xanthomonas maltophilia, Streptococcus faecium, and also staphylococcus, steady against Methicillinum are steady against Tiyenam.

So strong efficiency of Tiyenam according to reviews does him especially useful at treatment of the mixed mephitic and aerobic, polymicrobial gangrenes, and also as primary therapy before definition of bacterial disease-producing factors.

Indications to Tiyenam's use

According to the instruction Tiyenam is shown in the following cases:

• infections of urinogenital system;
• infectious endocarditis (intravenous administration is more preferable);
• gynecologic infections;
• multi-infections;
• infections of soft tissues and skin;
• infections of abdominal organs;
• infections of joints and bones;
• infections of lower parts of respiratory tracts;
• septicaemia (intravenous administration is more preferable).

Drug and Tiyenam's analogs do not apply to treatment of meningitis.

Contraindications

The antibiotic Tiyenam is contraindicated only at hypersensitivity to drug components.

Route of administration of Tiyenam and mode of dosing

The average daily dosage of drug or Tiyenam's analog, and also method of introduction is defined, proceeding from severity of a disease.

Tiyenam according to the instruction appoint intravenously preferential at the initial stages of treatment of an endocarditis, bacterial sepsis and other life-threatening infections.

As a rule, the average dosage for adults makes 1-2 g a day, divided into 3-4 receptions. The maximum daily dosage makes 4 g.

Intravenously an antibiotic Tiyenam enter in a dosage ≤500 mg for half an hour, and in a dosage of 500 mg – for an hour.

To children is more senior than three months and with body weight less than 40 kg appoint Tiyenam according to the instruction in a dosage 15 mg/kg each six hours. If the body weight more than 40 kg, a dosage of drug is equated to adult.

Intramusculary drug is used as an alternative at treatment of those infections where intramuscular introduction is more preferable.

As a rule, the adult each 12 hours administer the drug intramusculary in a dosage of 500-750 mg. The maximum daily dosage makes 1,5 g. If it is necessary to use drug in higher dosages, the intravenous way of introduction is more preferable.

For treatment of a cervicitis and an urethritis the drug is administered intramusculary once in a dosage of 500 mg.

Tiyenam's use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Tiyenam's use during pregnancy is undesirable due to the lack of clinical tests in the field. It is unknown also whether active agents of drug are emitted with maternal milk. Therefore for its use it is recommended to interrupt breastfeeding.

Side effects

According to reviews Tiyenam can cause the following by-effects:

• Alimentary system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, coloring of teeth, slight increase of activity of hepatic transaminases, hepatitis, pseudomembranous colitis.
• Local reactions: thrombophlebitis, an erythema and pains in an injection site (at intramuscular introduction).
• Urinary system: acute renal failure, polyuria. The reviews of Tiyenam testimonial of urine discoloration, of increase of level of an urea nitrogen and serumal creatinine arrived.
• Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin rash, itch, fever, Quincke's disease, anaphylactic reactions, exfoliative dermatitis.
• Peripheral and central nervous systems: reviews of Tiyenam at intravenous administration arrived, myoclonias, testimonial of cases, confusion of consciousness, hallucinations, taste disturbances, epileptic seizures.
• Laboratory indicators: leukopenia, eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytosis, decrease in level of hemoglobin, thrombocytopenia. Some reviews of Tiyenam testimonial of direct positive test of Koombs arrived.

Medicinal interaction

Solution for intravenous administration is chemically incompatible with salt of lactic acid. It is not recommended to mix it with solutions of other antibiotics.

Drug storage conditions

Drug is stored at the room temperature.

It is longer impossible to store ready solution for intravenous administration four hours at the room temperature longer than days in the refrigerator.

Ready solution Tiyenam for intramuscular introduction needs to be used for an hour.