Ascorbic acid

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) – the medicine relating to group of synthetic vitamins.

Form of release and structure

Ascorbic acid – active ingredient of vitamin means which form of release can be following:

• Dragee on 0,05 g (on 50 and 200 pieces in banks polymeric);
• Lyophilisate for preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration on 0,05 g (on 3 ml in ampoules with solvent, 5 ampoules in a pack cardboard);
• Powder for preparation of solution for intake (in bags on 2,5 g);
• Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration, in 1 ml – 0,05 g. Excipients: sodium sulfite anhydrous, Natrii hydrocarbonas, water for injections (in ampoules on 1 or 2 ml, on 10 ampoules in packaging);
• Tablets on 25, 50, 75, 100 or 200 mg (on 10 pieces in the waxed paper, in bezjyacheykovy planimetric packagings; on 50 pieces (50 mg) in banks of dark glass);
• Chewable tablets on 50 mg (10 pieces in blisters, in a pack of cardboard 5 blisters).

Indications to use

Use of Ascorbic acid is recommended in case of hypo - and avitaminosis of C (the increased need for vitamin C) at: inadequate diet, parenteral food, intense intellectual and physical activity, reconvalescence after a serious illness, a scurvy, alcoholism, smoking, a burn disease, long overcooling, long fever, a hyperthyroidism, persistent infections, diseases and operational treatment of a GIT (persistent diarrhea, a resection of a small intestine, a round ulcer, a gastrectomy), injuries, tuberculosis, pregnancy (especially polycarpous, and also against the background of nicotine or medicinal addiction) and in the period of a lactation, artificial feeding and intensive growth, chronic intoxication the drugs Fe, an idiopathic methemoglobinemia, a long stressful state, recovery in the postoperative period.

In laboratory practice drug is used together with sodium 51Cr chromate for marking of erythrocytes.

Contraindications

Absolute contraindication for use of means in any dosages is hypersensitivity to ascorbic acid.

The long use in doses more than 0,5 g is forbidden at the following diseases:

• Diabetes mellitus;
• Hyperoxaluria;
• Nefrourolitiaz;
• Deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy;
• Thalassemia;
• Hemochromatosis.

Ascorbic acid in any dosages should be taken with caution (it is desirable under observation of the doctor) at deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy, hemochromatosis, a diabetes mellitus, sideroblastny anemia, a thalassemia, a hyperoxaluria and a nephrolithiasis.

Route of administration and dosage

Ascorbic acid is accepted inside, and also intramusculary or intravenously in the following recommended doses:

• For adults: preventive – 0,05-0,1 g a day; medical – from 0,05 to 0,1 g of 3-5 times a day;
• For children: preventive – 0,025 g 3 times a day; medical – on 0,05-0,1 g 2-3 times a day;
• During pregnancy and a lactation at deficit of vitamin C in a diet: on 0,3 g a day, use duration – about 2 weeks, then on 0,1 g for prevention of a hypovitaminosis throughout the entire period of pregnancy and feeding of the child breast milk.

Intramusculary or intravenously Ascorbic acid appoint from 1 to 3 ml of 5% of solution in a dose.

The course of treatment the drugs containing vitamin C depends on the nature of a disease and is appointed the attending physician.

Side effects

Use of Ascorbic acid can become the reason of the following complications:

• Central nervous system: feeling of fatigue, dizziness (at bystry intravenous administration), a headache, a hyperexcitability, sleeplessness (at long consumption in number of more than 1 g a day);
• Urinary system: a moderate pollakiuria (at a dose more than 600 mg/days), a nephrolithiasis (from oxalate calcium), a hyperoxaluria, damages of the glomerular device of kidneys (at prolonged use of high doses);
• Cardiovascular system: decrease in permeability of capillaries with possible deterioration in a trophicity of fabrics, increase in the ABP, hypercoagulation, development of mikroangiopatiya (at long use in considerable doses);
• Alimentary system: irritation of a mucous membrane of a GIT (at intake), damage of an adamantine substance of tooth (at the intensive use of chewable tablets or a rassasyvaniya of peroral forms);
• Immune system: allergic manifestations (dermahemia, skin rash);
• Local reactions: perhaps – painful feelings in places of intramuscular administration of solution;
• Others: oppression of function of the insulyarny device of a pancreas (a hyperglycemia, a glucosuria), increase in hemolysis of erythrocytes (at the long use more than 1 g of Ascorbic acid a day), abortion as a result of a hyperestrogenemia (at intravenous administration of considerable doses of drug).

Such laboratory indicators as can be a consequence of reception of this vitamin drug: thrombocytosis, prothrombinopenia, hypopotassemia, glucosuria, neutrophylic leukocytosis, erythropenia.

In all cases of manifestation of side effects symptomatic therapy and an artificial diuresis is recommended.

Special instructions

In the course of treatment control of indicators of the ABP and function of adrenal glands as vitamin C stimulates synthesis of corticosteroid hormones is necessary.

At the increased content of iron (Fe) in an organism to accept Ascorbic acid it is allowed only in the minimum doses.

It is necessary to consider that reception of vitamin C can become the reason of distortion of results of laboratory testing, such as content of sugar in blood and urine, activity of a lactate dehydrogenase and transaminases, and also bilirubin in hepatic tests.

It is not necessary to accept vitamin C without appointment of the doctor, especially to women during pregnancy and a lactation.

Analogs

Drugs, in which the main active ingredient – ascorbic acid: Additiva Vitamin C, Asvitol Askovit, Vitamin C of Rostvit, Setebe 500, Tsevikap, Tselaskon, Tsitravit, etc.

The means, close on the action mechanism, relating to one pharmpodgruppa: Vitamin C Upsavit chewable tablets.

Terms and storage conditions

Conditions and periods of storage are various for each of forms of production of Ascorbic acid and are specified on packagings.