Cefalexin

Cefalexin - a semi-synthetic antibiotic of group of cephalosporins, is derivative 7-aminotsefalosporinovy acid. Three forms of release are presented: capsules (250 mg), tablets (250 mg) and powder for suspension preparation (2,5 g).

Pharmacological action

The principle of effect of Cefalexin according to the instruction – bactericidal. Streptococci, staphylococcus, pneumococci, a salmonella, colibacillus, a shigella, proteas, a hemophilic stick, a klebsiyella, a treponema and some other organisms are sensitive to influence of drug. Enterobakteriya, enterococci and mycobacteria of tuberculosis have Cefalexin resistance.

Absorption of Cefalexin makes nearly 90%, drug is well soaked up from a GIT. In spite of the fact that an antibiotic Cefalexin кислотоустойчив, meal after or during administration of drug can slow down its absorption, but, in general, does not influence its completeness. The maximum concentration of active ingredient in blood is reached 1-2 hours later after Cefalexin use: at the same time the antibiotic is evenly distributed in mucous bronchial tubes, lungs, a liver, kidneys, heart. Against the background of the diseases connected with a renal failure, concentration of drug in blood increases, and the elimination half-life is extended, making 20-40 hours.

Indications to Cefalexin use

According to the instruction Cefalexin is shown to use at:

• The respiratory diseases caused by the activators sensitive to Tsefaleksin (pneumonia, bronchitis, pleurisy, abscess of lungs);

• Disturbances of urinary and sexual systems (cystitis, pyelonephritises, vulvovaginitis, epididymites, endometritises);

• Diseases of ENT organs (pharyngitises, otitises, tonsillitis);

• Skin diseases (pyoderma, phlegmon, furunculosis, abscess);

• Disturbances of a musculoskeletal system (arthritis, osteomyelitis).

Cefalexin contraindications

Hypersensitivity to antibiotics of a tsefalosporinovy and penicillinic row, in order to avoid possibility of a cross allergy.

Side effects

On some responses to Cefalexin it is possible to note the following side effects at use of an antibiotic:

• From the central nervous system: excitement, weakness, hallucinations, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, spasms;

• From an urinary system intersticial nephrite is possible;

• From a reproductive system: allocations from a vagina, a vaginitis, a candidiasis of generative organs;

• From the alimentary system: vomiting, nausea, dryness in a mouth, diarrhea, loss of appetite, pain in a stomach, an intestines candidiasis, dyspepsia, in certain cases - a pseudomembranous coloenteritis, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice;

• From system of a hemopoiesis: neutropenia, reversible leukopenia, thrombocytopenia;

• From laboratory indicators: increase in a prothrombin time, increase in activity of ShchF and hepatic transaminases;

Besides, responses to Cefalexin provide a possibility of emergence of allergic reactions, urticarias, a malignant exudative erythema, an anaphylaxis, a toxic epidermal necrolysis, arthritis, an itch of generative organs, dermatitis, in rare instances - a Quincke's edema.

Cefalexin dosage

The optimum dosage of Cefalexin according to the instruction is defined with localization and sensitivity of the activator, and also weight of disease. The average dose for adults at Cefalexin reception inside makes 250-500 mg each 6-12 hours. Duration of a course of treatment – 1-2 weeks. For children whose body weight does not reach 40 kg, the average dosage makes 25-50 mg/kg 3-4 times a day.

Special instructions

Use of an antibiotic of Cefalexin is recommended with care at pseudomembranous colitis and a renal failure in the anamnesis. During treatment emergence of false positive reaction of urine to sugar, and also positive forward reaction of Koombs is possible. Drug well gets through a placental barrier therefore use of Cefalexin at pregnancy and breastfeeding is possible in case the possible advantage for mother exceeds estimated risk for fetation or the child.

During therapy by Cefalexin alcohol intake is forbidden.

Medicinal interaction of Cefalexin

At simultaneous use Cefalexin increases nephrotoxicity of polymyxins, aminoglycosides, furosemide, phenylbutazone. Excretion of active ingredient of drug is slowed down by indometacin and salicylates.

This instruction is submitted in the fact-finding purposes. Do not begin to accept drug without recommendation of the doctor.