Glucose

Glucose is easily assimilable source of valuable food raising power stocks of an organism and improving its functions.

Pharmacological action

Glucose is used as means for desintoxication (removal of toxins from an organism) and a regidratation (completion of losses of liquid).

Isotonic solution of glucose of 5% is applied to completion of liquid in an organism. Also this solution of glucose represents a nutrient source at which metabolism in fabrics a large amount of energy which is necessary for full functioning of an organism is allocated.

There are also hypertonic salt solutions of glucose (10-40%) which intravenous maintaining allows to increase the osmotic pressure of blood, to improve a metabolism and anti-toxic functions of a liver, to strengthen the liquid current sent from fabrics to blood.

Besides, use of hypertonic salt solution of glucose promotes vasodilatation, strengthening of sokratitelny activity of a cardiac muscle and increase in volume of urine.

As fortifying means glucose is applied at chronic diseases which are followed by physical exhaustion.

Disintoxication properties of glucose are caused by its ability to activate functions of a liver on neutralization of poisons, and also reduction of concentration of toxins in blood as a result of increase in volume of the circulating liquid and the strengthened mocheotdeleniye.

Indications to Glucose solution use

Glucose solution is appointed at:

• hypoglycemia (the lowered glucose level in blood);
• insufficiency of carbohydrate food;
• intoxications accompanying liver diseases (a liver failure, hepatitis);
• toxicoinfections (the poisoning provoked by the microbes which got to an organism with food);
• hemorrhagic diathesis (the disease of system of blood which is shown in the form of the raised bleeding);
• dehydration caused by diarrhea, vomiting or during the postoperative period;
• intoxications;
• collapse (sharp falling of blood pressure);
• shock.

Glucose can be used for preparation of solutions of medicines for intravenous administration and also as a component of antishock and blood-substituting liquids.

Route of administration

Glucose of 5% can be entered into an organism in any way (intravenously, subcutaneously, in a rectum) as its osmotic pressure corresponds to the osmotic pressure of blood. Hypertonic salt solutions of glucose are entered only in the intravenous way as their osmotic pressure considerably exceeds similar in fabrics and blood.

It is recommended to increase glucose level by oral administration (tablets) by means of 0,5-1 g of drug on one reception. Use of solution of glucose of 5% by means of an enema assumes drop introduction of 200 ml, 500 ml or 1000 ml of drug for once, at the same time the daily dose should not exceed 2000 ml.

Solution of glucose of 5% can be entered intravenously (kapelno) or subcutaneously of 300-500 ml.

Hypertonic salt solution of glucose can be appointed in the form of one-time introduction of 10-100 ml or drop introduction 200-300 ml (daily dose).

Side effects

Use of the recommended glucose doses, as a rule, does not cause undesirable effects. In rare instances means can provoke fever, a hyperglycemia (the increased glucose level in blood), an acute left ventricular failure, a hypervolemia (increase in volume of the circulating blood), the increased formation of urine. Local reactions of an organism to use of glucose can be shown in the form of thrombophlebitis, bruises, development of an infection, local morbidity.

When using glucose of 5% as solvent of other drugs manifestation of side effects is caused by effect of these drugs.

Contraindications

Medicamentous increase in level of glucose can be dangerous at:

• dekompensirovanny diabetes mellitus (always the high content of sugar in blood);
• reduced tolerance to glucose;
• hyperglycemia;
• to giperosmolyarny coma (special type of a diabetic coma);
• hyper lactacidemias (the increased level of lactic acid in blood at a diabetes mellitus).

Care is necessary at administration of solution of glucose for patients with a chronic renal failure, a hyponatremia and dekompensirovanny chronic heart failure.

It is allowed to apply glucose at pregnancy and during feeding by a breast. It is necessary to remember that at the women bearing children, glucose level in urine rises that is caused by a hyperglycemia and rather insufficient production of insulin. Not to allow development of a diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to watch closely fluctuations of glucose at pregnancy.

Additional information

It is necessary to store glucose at air temperature ^{from 150C to 250C}. The period of validity of drug depends on a release form – from 2 to 10 years.