Immunodeficiency

Immunodeficiency – set of various conditions of an organism at which functioning of immune system of the person is broken. At such state infectious diseases arise more often than usual, proceed very hard and last long. By origin the immunodeficiency happens hereditary (primary) and acquired (secondary). At different types of an immunodeficiency infections upper and lower airways, skin and other bodies are surprised. Weight, a version and the nature of disease depends on immunodeficiency type. At an immunodeficiency at the person autoimmune pathologies and allergic reactions can develop.

Primary immunodeficience

Primary immunodeficience – a disease of immune system of hereditary character. This disease is transmitted from parents to children and remains throughout all human life. There is a set of various forms of primary immunodeficience. On medical statistics the similar state is shown at one newborn on ten thousand. A part from the known forms of primary immunodeficience is shown right after the child's birth, and other forms of a disease for many years can not be shown in general in any way. Approximately in 85% of cases the disease is diagnosed at young age (up to twenty years). Primary immunodeficience in 70% of cases is diagnosed for boys as the most part of syndromes of a disease is directly connected with X-chromosome.

Genetic defects at primary immunodeficience at the person divide into several groups. At a humoral immunodeficiency in a human body synthesis of immunoglobulins is broken, cellular immune deficiency is characterized by insufficient quantity of lymphocytes in blood.

Defects of phagocytosis are shown in defective capture of bacteria by leukocytes. At defect of system of a squirrel of an organism are not capable to destroy alien cells.

Separately distinguish combined immunodeficience from primary immunodeficiences. Combined immunodeficience is connected with the genetic defects leading to dysfunction of V-cells and T lymphocytes. At this disease development of antibodies is broken and function of cellular immunity decreases.

Secondary immunodeficience

Secondary immunodeficience – existence in a human body of acquired diseases of immune system. Because of the weakened immunity the human body very often is attacked by various infectious diseases. AIDS – the most known example of secondary immunodeficience. This disease can develop as a result of radiation, medicines, various chronic diseases.

This state can also develop at proteinaceous and caloric insufficiency, and also at a lack of vitamins and microelements of an organism. Especially harmful deficit of zinc, selenium and vitamin A affects a condition of immunity. From secondary immunodeficience people with chronic metabolic frustration quite often suffer. At this disease it is very important to reveal bacterial infections in time and to begin necessary treatment.

Immunodeficiency signs

Now different types of treatment of an immunodeficiency practice, but some of them still are in a stage of experimental developments. Treatment of an immunodeficiency does not do without the general principles of the help – vaccination, fight against an infection, performing replacement therapy.

Display of heavy bacterial infections of recurrent character is characteristic of an immunodeficiency at the person. Bacterial infections lead to development of bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis. At patients with this disease quite often develop the milkwoman, a periodontal disease, on a body papillomas and warts are formed, baldness and eczema takes place. At this state various hematologic disturbances are quite often diagnosed. In some cases can observe frustration of the alimentary system, a vasculitis, spasms, encephalitis, arthritis. On some data at an immunodeficiency the risk of development of a carcinoma of the stomach increases.

Treatment of an immunodeficiency

Presently immunocorrection is carried out in several ways – transplantation of marrow, use of immunoglobulins, immunomodulators. Usually treatment at an immunodeficiency is carried out by means of hypodermic or intravenous administration of immunoglobulins.

At an immunodeficiency of any type it is very important to avoid an infection and to follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle. With this disease it is also very important to patients to reveal bacterial and fungal infections in time and to take measures for their treatment. At some conditions of an organism it is necessary to carry out regular preventive therapy by antibiotics. At infections of a thorax it is reasonable to apply physical therapy methods, and also to regularly carry out special physical exercises.