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Carbamide

Carbamide (urea) – chemical compound, an end product of metabolism of proteins. Urine of the person contains Карбамид — белое мелкокристаллическое вещество more than 2% of urea. The structure of a carbamide was established in 1818 by the English doctor and the chemist U. Praut. Urea – the first organic compound received in the synthetic way from inorganic matter. For the first time the synthetic method of receiving a carbamide was applied in 1828 by the German physicist F. Weber. Now, most often, the indirect way of receiving a carbamide from carbon dioxide and ammonia developed by the chemist A. I. Bazarov is applied.

Structure of a carbamide and its property

Urea represents white fine-crystalline matter. The carbamide crystallizes from water in the form of flat prisms, easily alcohol-soluble and water, melting at a temperature of 160-190 °C. When heating to 200 °C this connection turns into cyanate ammonium, and under the influence of more high temperatures with an atmospheric pressure the carbamide decays with formation of carbonic acid, ammonia, cyanic acid, ureido formamide and other components.

Nitrogen is a part of a carbamide in a digestible amide form. Nitrogen in an amide form is well acquired by leaves and roots of plants. Therefore the carbamide is often used as fertilizer. At hit of urea to the soil the amide form of nitrogen turns in ammoniac, and then into a nitrate form. Similar transition happens rather slowly therefore nitrogen assimilation by plants is carried out evenly.

Urea use

Urea possesses the diuretic (diuretic) and dehydrating (dehydrating) action. Substance warns and reduces a toxic fluid lungs, wet brain, promotes decrease in intraocular pressure.

Use of a carbamide in concentration to 40% is shown at an onychomycosis (the damage to nail plates caused by parasitic fungi), at an ichthyosis (a scaly thickening of extensive sites of skin), and also at a hyperkeratosis (an excessive thickening of a corneous layer of integuments).

Urea solution in concentration of 15% is appointed in the form of washings, water dressings, irrigations of purulent wounds. Under the influence of this connection of a wound are quicker cleared of necrotic masses and quicker heal. Use of a carbamide also allows to accelerate a rassasyvaniye of hems and scars.

Addition Карбамид в упаковке of urea in cosmetics in concentration of 3-10% allows to protect integuments from a fungal and microbic infection. The French researchers defined that cream with urea is capable to protect skin from a negative impact of the environment for three-four hours.

Cosmetics with a carbamide in structure have, as a rule, a short period of validity. It is explained by the fact that this connection easily extends moisture from air.

In the food industry the carbamide is applied as the additive modifying and increasing aroma and taste of foodstuff. This connection is added to flour and bakery products in quantity to two grams on one kilogram of a product. Urea is added by production of alcohol, and also used when processing seeds of a cotton for gossypol neutralization.

Contraindications to use of a carbamide

The carbamide is not recommended to be used together with other diuretic means, and also at the expressed renal, liver and heart failure.

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