Kolposkopiya

Kolposkopiya is a research of a vulval part of a neck of uterus, its detailed survey by means of the binocular microscope – a kolposkopa. For obtaining the maximum quantity of qualitative information during the procedure use additional tests: processing of a neck of uterus solution of Lugol and 5% solution of acetic acid, use of various optical filters. It allows the doctor to reveal the most suspicious sites of fabric concerning a dysplasia.

Indications to a uterus kolposkopiya

This research is used for diagnosis of many diseases, including it is necessary to make a kolposkopiya to reveal:

• genital warts;
• precancerous change of tissue of vulva, vagina, neck of uterus;
• cancer of a vulva, vagina, neck of uterus.

It is necessary to make a uterus kolposkopiya to reveal the centers of defeat of an epithelium of an ektotserviks (a surface of the lower part of a neck of uterus), to define their character and localization, to carry out diagnosis of high-quality changes in area of a vulva, vagina and neck of uterus, to confirm or disprove expediency of a biopsy of a neck of uterus, to define the site and a method of capture of material for a histologic research, to choose a method of treatment of the revealed pathology.

Kolposkopiya at pregnancy do for the purpose of careful inspection of a neck of uterus to exclude an invasive disease and a possibility of development of cancer of neck of uterus, to inspect regarding existence of new growths. The matter is that most of women are not inspected before pregnancy planning. If they already had a pathology of a neck of uterus, against the background of suppression of immune system (that is norm at pregnancy) it can progress and negatively affect on health of mother and the course of pregnancy. For this reason at pregnancy a kolposkopiya – the obligatory research conducted, as a rule, without use of diagnostic tests and which is not capable to do much harm to a fruit.

Contraindications

The procedure – is absolutely safe, appoint a kolposkopiya and at pregnancy as there are no powerful contraindications to it, do not do this procedure only in the first 6 – 8 weeks after the delivery and after treatment of diseases of a neck of uterus surgical or destructive methods.

Contraindication to an expanded kolposkopiya is the intolerance of iodine and acetic acid.

Preparation for a kolposkopiya

In special preparation for a kolposkopiya of a uterus there is no need. The procedure is not carried out only during periods. Not really suitable period and the middle of a cycle as at this time in the channel of a neck of uterus there is a lot of slime.

The best time to make a kolposkopiya – the eve of periods or several days after its termination.

Before the procedure the doctor most likely will recommend:

• within 1 – 2 days to refrain from vaginal sex without condom;
• in a day or two not to use tampons;
• not to make syringing.

Holding procedure

The procedure is carried out also as well as usual survey at the doctor in a gynecologic chair. In a vagina the viewing mirror baring a neck of uterus that allows to study an epithelium of walls of a vagina and neck of uterus under perpendicularly the directed beam of light from the kolposkop located in several centimeters is established. All procedure usually lasts 10-20 minutes.

Kolposkopiya of a uterus can be simple (survey) and expanded.

The simple kolposkopiya means without processing of a neck of uterus any substances, and consists in survey of mucous. The doctor determines the size and a shape of a neck, a condition of its surface, a relief and color by it mucous, features of the vascular drawing, border of a cylindrical and flat epithelium, existence and character of gaps, the nature of allocations estimates.

Kolposkopiya expanded is a survey of a neck of uterus after processing of its surface 3% solution of acetic acid thanks to which, owing to short-term hypostasis of a blanket of a mucous membrane and reduction of blood vessels, pathological changes on the surface of a neck accurately come to light. The following stage of an expanded kolposkopiya is processing of fabrics Lugol solution – for diagnosis of precancerous diseases. The matter is that at such states epithelial cells are poor in a glycogen therefore they are not painted by solution that gives to the doctor the chance to reveal them.

By results of survey under kolposkopy the gynecologist will decide whether it is necessary to do a biopsy (i.e. to take samples of fabrics on the additional analysis).

After a kolposkopiya

If during the procedure the biopsy was not carried out, activity after a kolposkopiya is not limited. Within 1-3 days seldom perhaps weak bleeding is a normal phenomenon. In that case several days it is necessary to refrain from the sexual relations, syringing, tampons and drugs until bleeding stops.