L-dopa

L-dopa – means of protivoparkinsonichesky action.

Active ingredient of drug is the predecessor of dopamine – a levodopa (DOPA left-handed isomer).

Pharmacological action L-dopy

Making protivoparkinsonichesky impact, the levodopa removes such manifestations as:

• hypokinesia;
• rigidity;
• the increased salivation and hypersalivation;
• tremor;
• dysphagy.

The effect of administration of drug L-Dopa is reached thanks to the fact that the levodopa is transformed to dopamine directly in the organism central nervous system, thereby filling shortage of this neurotransmitter in TsNS.

The levodopa mostly will be transformed to dopamine in peripheral fabrics. The dopamine received here does not take part in rendering protivoparkinsonichesky impact on an organism and mainly bears responsibility for collateral manifestations from reception of a levodopa. Due to this reason it is accepted to appoint a levodopa in a complex with other drugs-inhibitors of a peripheral dofa-decarboxylase. Thanks to it it is possible to lower a dosage of a levodopa and side effects from its reception.

Results of reception L-dopa can be observed at the patient in 6-8 days after the beginning of a course of treatment. The positive effect is shown on accruing, reaching the peak for 25-30 days.

Indications to use L-dopy

The drug L-dopa is effective for treatment of a disease of Parkinson and a syndrome of parkinsonism (except those cases when this syndrome is caused by antipsychotic medicines).

Contraindications to reception

L-dopa has a number of contraindications. So, drug cannot be appointed by the doctor in cases if there is at least one of the listed below factors:

• hypersensitivity to its components;
• pregnancy;
• lactic period;
• the patient is the child who did not reach 12-year age.

Also L-dopa do not appoint if medical therapy includes MAO inhibitors.

According to the decision of the doctor and with care reception of medicine is allowed at:

• diseases of kidneys, liver, endocrine system, lungs;
• psychoses;
• to closed-angle glaucoma and predisposition to it;
• to open angle glaucoma of chronic type;
• heart diseases and vessels;
• liver and/or renal failure;
• to melanoma;
• states when depression of the central nervous system is observed;
• convulsive attacks;
• to bronchial asthma and emphysema of lungs;
• peptic ulcer of a stomach and diseases of a 12-tiperstny gut;
• myocardial infarction (including in the anamnesis; including in combination with arrhythmia of various types);

• disturbances of heart rhythms.

Ways and features of reception

Capsules of drug accept inside during food, swallowing entirely and washing down with a small amount of liquid.

L-dopa begin to accept with minimum established dose, gradually increasing it proceeding from specific features of an organism of the patient. An initial daily dose which is accepted in 2-3 calling are 0,25-1 g. Increase it is made on 0,125-0,75 g through uniform intervals of time (2-3 days). The attending physician has to make the decision on increase, being guided by individual sensitivity of the patient to the drug L-dopa. The most admissible daily dose should not exceed 8 g.

Cancellation of reception L-dopy is made gradually as at the sharp termination of a course of treatment the negative effects which are expressed in manifestations of the symptomatology similar to that which is inherent in a malignant antipsychotic syndrome are possible.

Patients for whom the dose of drug was for some reason reduced or a course of treatment L-finish singing it is stopped, have to be under constant control.

During all course of treatment control of indicators of blood tests of the patient and his mental status is required.

If at the patient closed-angle glaucoma is observed, constant control of intraocular pressure is necessary.

In need of the surgical intervention providing use of the general anesthesia, the drug L-Dopa stops being drunk in 48-72 hours prior to operation.

When carrying out a long course of treatment L-finish singing control of functioning of all systems of bodies of an organism is required.

Meal with the increased content of proteins worsens drug absorption.

L-Dopa promotes decrease in attention, concentration, worsens psychomotor reactions. Therefore during the periods when drivers of vehicles need to be careful, to people occupied on potentially dangerous productions.

Side effects from reception L-dopy

Administration of drug L-dopa can cause the side effects which are shown:

• from a GIT (vomiting, nausea, locks, an ulceration mucous a stomach, a dysphagy, deterioration in appetite, bleeding in a stomach and intestines, etc.);
• from TsNS (dizziness, uneasiness, frustration of a dream, paranoia, euphoric states, depression, spasms, manifestations of uncontrollable movements, etc.);
• disturbances of cardiac performance and vessels (lowering of arterial pressure, arrhythmia, tachycardia, orthostatic collapse, etc.);
• disturbances from bodies of a hemopoiesis (a leukopenia, thrombocytopenia);
• in the form of a polyuria, is more rare – diplopias.