Lymphoid leukosis

Short characteristic of a disease

The lymphoid leukosis is a malignant defeat of lymphoid cells.

Allocate an acute lymphoid leukosis and a chronic lymphoid leukosis.

The acute lymphoid leukosis strikes preferential children 2-4lt, is characterized by increase in growth of unripe lymphatic cells in a thymus and marrow.

Chronic lymphoid leukosis – a disease at which the lymphocytes affected with a tumor find in blood, marrow, lymph nodes and other bodies. The chronic stage from acute in the fact that the tumor develops slowly differs and disturbances of process of a hemopoiesis are noticeable only at late stages of a disease.

The forecast of a lymphoid leukosis in a chronic stage is much better, than at its acute current. The chronic form proceeds is long and slowly, most often treatment leads to recovery. The acute form without timely treatment in most cases leads to death.

The forecast of a lymphoid leukosis without treatment – the person will live in an acute stage no more 4kh months if the patient underwent therapy, the term of life can be prolonged for several years then it is sometimes reasonable to repeat a course of treatment.

Reasons of emergence of a disease

The lymphoid leukosis arises because of bad heredity, impact of ionizing radiation, carcinogenic substances. The disease can arise and as a complication after treatment of other type of cancer the cytostatics and other drugs oppressing a hemopoiesis.

Lymphoid leukosis symptoms

Lymphoid leukosis symptoms in an acute stage: pallor of integuments, spontaneous bleedings, feverish state, joint pain and bones. If the central nervous system is surprised, the patient is irritable, he is tormented by headaches and vomiting.

In a chronic stage of a disease characteristic symptoms of a lymphoid leukosis is a weakness, heavy feeling in a stomach, the hypochondrium (because of increase in a spleen), the increased tendency to infectious diseases, increase in lymph nodes, the increased perspiration, reduction of weight is preferential in right.

Diagnosis of a disease

For definition of an acute stage of a disease, having taken external symptoms of a lymphoid leukosis into account, investigate peripheral blood. To make sure of the preliminary diagnosis, investigate blasts of red marrow. After carrying out a cytochemical, histologic, cytogenetic research of marrow, for planning of treatment of a lymphoid leukosis conduct additional examinations at the urologist, the neuropathologist, the otolaryngologist, do MPT, KT, ultrasonography of a peritoneum.

Diagnosis of a chronic lymphoid leukosis begins with medical examination and performing clinical blood test. After that also investigate marrow, do a biopsy of the affected lymph nodes, carry out the cytogenetic analysis of tumor cells, determine immunoglobulin level to count risk of development in the patient of complications in the form of infections.

Treatment of a lymphoid leukosis

Treatment of a lymphoid leukosis in an acute stage is begun with purpose of the medicines suppressing growth of tumors in marrow and blood. When the tumor affected a nervous system and a cover of a brain, carry in addition out radiation of a skull.

Several methods are developed for treatment of a lymphoid leukosis in a chronic stage: carry out chemotherapy using purine analogs, for example Fludar's drug, the bioimmunotherapy – is entered by the monoclones destroying only cancer cells without touching at the same time the unimpaired fabrics.

If these methods were inefficient to the patient appoint high-dosage chemotherapy and transplantation of marrow.

If big tumoral weight is found, as additional treatment appoint radiation therapy.

At a lymphoid leukosis the spleen therefore at considerable change of this body its removal is shown can be increased.

Prevention of a disease

For the prevention of a disease it is necessary to limit influence of the factors provoking a lymphoid leukosis: chemical and carcinogenic substances, ultra-violet radiation.

Prevention of its recurrence is of great importance for the good forecast of a lymphoid leukosis.

Undergoing treatment of a lymphoid leukosis it is recommended to eat food rich with proteins, to drink vyskokaloriyny drinks, to regularly take a blood test for a research, to strictly follow the therapeutic scheme, in time to report to the observing doctor about increase in lymph nodes in a groin, under mice, on a neck, about unpleasant feelings in a stomach – it is so possible to find a disease recurrence, it is impossible to take aspirin and other drugs, it containing – bleeding can open. Also it is necessary to avoid contact with presumably infected people extended by infections since during performing radiation therapy, chemotherapy the organism is weakened.

In some to cases to patients for prevention of infections after treatment of a lymphoid leukosis appoint antiviral drugs and antibiotics.