Mammoplastika

Mammoplastika name plastic surgery on a mammary gland on change of its form or the size.

Indications for carrying out a mammoplastika

Indications for carrying out a mammoplastika are:

• Makrospatiya who is characterized by the breast which is strongly increased in sizes at which elasticity and the place an arrangement are kept;
• Micromastia which is inborn pathology and is defined by the small size of a breast;
• Ptosis of mammary glands at which the size of a breast is kept, but it at the same time is lowered;
• Post-lactic involution of mammary glands at which glands are considerably reduced in sizes that, as a rule, develops after the end of natural feeding of the child.

Most often the mammoplastika is carried out to women, however at a hypertrophied breast at men (gynecomastia) carrying out this operation is also possible.

Contraindications for carrying out a mammoplastika

Doctors allocate a number of diseases and states at which it is contraindicated to carry out a mammoplastika. These restrictions can carry both absolute, and temporality. So it is contraindicated to mammoplastik to carry out:

• At oncological diseases;
• During treatment of infectious diseases;
• At a serious illness of internals;
• Against the background of disturbances of coagulability of blood;
• Before achievement of eighteen-year age;
• In the period of an incomplete lactation (usually before achievement of 12 months by the child of age).

Before carrying out a mammoplastika it is necessary to receive the decision of doctors about a possibility of holding this procedure who become on the basis of survey and results of the conducted researches:

• ECG;
• Koagulogramma of blood;
• General analysis of urine and blood;
• The analysis on existence of hepatitis;
• Biochemical analysis of blood;
• Ultrasonography of mammary glands.

Also there is a number of restrictions for reception of certain medicines before carrying out a mammoplastika. So, on condition of lack of contraindications in 2 weeks prior to carrying out operation it is forbidden to take medicine which part salicylates are. Also during this period reception of hormonal contraceptives is contraindicated. For acceleration of process of healing of seams one week prior to operation it is necessary to leave off smoking.

As a rule, operations on carrying out a mammoplastika are performed under the general anesthesia. The average duration of operation depending on its look varies from 1,5 to 4 hours.

Indications and contraindications to carrying out a reducing mammoplastika

Reducing mammoplastiky call operative measures which are directed to reduction of volume of mammary glands.

The heavy lowered mammary glands, as a rule, cause not only physical, but also moral discomfort. Excessive volume and mass of glands which are the reason of inconvenience for the woman in most cases is the main indication to carrying out a reducing mammoplastika.

Besides, the heavy and lowered chest glands are often accompanied by osteochondrosis and static deformations of a backbone. At the same time against the background of a hypertrophy of mammary glands chronic mastitis and a mastopathy with a pronounced pain syndrome can develop.

Contraindications for carrying out a reducing mammoplastika are:

• Serious associated diseases in a decompensation stage, for example, an idiopathic hypertensia or a diabetes mellitus;
• Diseases of mammary glands.

Except inspection, standard for carrying out a mammoplastika, when planning this type of operation it is necessary to consult at the oncologist-mammologist.

When carrying out operation on a reducing mammoplastika three main objectives are usually solved:

• Raising of the lowered mamillar and areolar complex with the preservation of its sensitivity and simultaneous creation of esthetically beautiful symmetric shape of mammary glands and the minimum postoperative hems located in the hidden zone;
• Removal of excess volume of tissues of mammary gland with preservation of providing normal food of the remained fabrics of gland and a mamillar and areolar complex;
• Removal of the superfluous, excessively stretched skin which covers gland.

Optimum tactics for carrying out operation is defined by the surgeon individually with the available problems. At the same time the possibility of a lactation shall be kept.

Rehabilitation after a mammoplastika

According to a complication after a mammoplastika meet not often. In case of development of inflammatory process usually appoint antibiotics.

Success from the carried-out mammoplastika, according to reviews, in many respects is defined by the rehabilitation period. Unpleasant feelings usually pass in 3-4 days after the performed operation, and completely hypostasis descends in several weeks. Besides, at an early stage of rehabilitation (up to 7 days) postoperative hematomas can be observed.

According to most of plastic surgeons preservation of a shape of a breast after a mammoplastika requires special compression linen.

Such linen after a mammoplastika is recommended to carry not less than a month that will promote bystreyshy recovery after operation, to reduction of hypostases and improvement of blood circulation.

Besides, compression linen after a mammoplastika controls the provision of implants and prevents their sharp lowering.

Often the breast after a mammoplastika during the recovery period can give some inconvenience and lead to shoulder and spin pains. Compression linen increases comfort during this period and reduces accustoming time.

At the choice of compression linen after a mammoplastika it is necessary to take care of that it was:

• Hypoallergenic;
• Comfortable;
• Breathing;
• Free;
• Imperceptible under clothes for an unaided look;
• Promoting prevention of hypostases and hematomas.

To a complete recovery of a breast after a mammoplastika, according to reviews, it is not recommended to carry:

• Bras without лямочек as during this period it is important to create the correct support to chest implants;
• Push-ap bras which can cause deformation of a shape of a breast.

Also during the recovery period after a mammoplastika, according to reviews, it is recommended to adhere to the following recommendations:

• For a year to avoid hits of direct sunshine or lamps of a sunbed on area with scars not to provoke development of uncontrollable pigmentation;
• To use means for reduction of visibility of scars only after their full healing;
• On early terms of the rehabilitation period it is recommended to sleep on spin with slightly raised head that will promote decrease in hypostasis and reduction of feeling of discomfort. On one side after a mammoplastika, according to reviews, it is possible to sleep in 2 weeks, and on a stomach – not earlier, than in a month;
• It is not recommended to have sex for several weeks after operation, however it is necessary to be protected from possible pregnancy not less than a year.