Palinum

Palinum – antibacterial agent from group of hinolon, an urological antiseptic agent, active concerning some gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter spp., Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.

Form of release and structure

Palinum is issued in the form of capsules: opaque, with the case of white color (the yellowish shade is possible) and kryshechny green color, the size No. 1; contents – hydroscopic powder from color, white to almost white with a yellowish shade (on 10 capsules in the blister, on 2 blisters in a pack cardboard).

Active agent: pipemidovy acid (in the form of trihydrate), its contents in 1 capsule makes 200 mg.

Additional components: corn starch, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide colloid.

Structure of a capsular cover:

• Case: titanium dioxide (E171), gelatin, dye sunset yellow (E110);
• Lid: titanium dioxide (E171), gelatin, dye blue patent (E131), dye sunset yellow (E110), dye diamond black (E151), dye yellow quinolinic (E104).

Indications to use

Palinum – the drug intended for treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract (acute and chronic) caused by microorganisms, sensitive to its active ingredient:

• Bladder inflammation;
• Urethra inflammation;
• Prostate inflammation;
• Pyelonephritis.

In the preventive purposes Palinum is applied to the prevention of development of infections when carrying out tool interventions in gynecologic and urological practice.

Contraindications

• The expressed abnormal liver functions (including cirrhosis);
• The expressed renal failures (clearance of creatinine less than 10 ml/min.);
• Porphyrinic disease;
• The diseases of the central nervous system which are followed by the lowered convulsive threshold;
• Age up to 14 years;
• Pregnancy and feeding by a breast;
• Hypersensitivity to any component which is a part of drug.

With care:

• Elderly age (70 years are more senior);
• Epilepsy;
• Spasms;
• Disturbances of cerebral circulation (including vasospasms of a brain and hemorrhage in a brain) in the history of a disease.

Route of administration and dosage

Palinum is shown for oral administration before meal.

Usually appoint 200 mg (1 capsule) 2 times a day with 12-hour intervals (in the morning and in the evening). Duration of treatment is defined individually. At diseases of kidneys from 3 to 6 weeks usually are required, at prostatitis – 6-8 weeks.

At staphylococcal infections the daily dose is increased to 600 mg – on 1 capsule 3 times in bucketed days 8 hours. Duration of therapy averages 10 days, if necessary the course is prolonged.

Side effects

• From the alimentary system: diarrhea, nausea, gastralgia, vomiting; seldom – the pseudomembranous colitis which is followed by heavy diarrhea;
• Allergic reactions: skin rash, the skin itch slightly expressed, a malignant exudative erythema;
• From the central and peripheral nervous system: very seldom – frustration of a dream, confusion of consciousness, excitement, a headache, hallucinations, visual disturbances, touch disturbances, a tremor, a depression, spasms; in some cases – big convulsive attacks;
• From system of a hemopoiesis: in some cases – an eosinophilia; at patients with deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy – hemolitic anemia; elderly people and patients with renal failures have a thrombocytopenia;
• Others: superinfection, resistance, photosensitization.

Special instructions

Palinum can promote receiving false positive reaction of urine to glucose when carrying out a research with use of solution of Felinga or Benedict's reactant. It is recommended to apply enzymatic reactions with glucose oxydas.

During treatment patients have to receive plentiful drink (under control of a diuresis), to avoid ultraviolet radiation, to refrain from driving and performance of any kinds of works which require speed of psychophysical reactions and special attention.

With care Palinum should be applied to treatment of patients with allergic reactions to hinolona in the anamnesis as there is a probability of development of cross sensitivity.

At long therapy it is necessary to control the general indicators of blood, a functional condition of kidneys and a liver, and also to periodically define sensitivity of microflora to pipemidovy acid.

Medicinal interaction

Antacids and сукральфат can reduce absorption of pipemidovy acid therefore between administrations of drugs it is necessary to observe intervals of at least 2-3 hours.

At the combined use metabolism of caffeine and theophylline is slowed down.

Pipemidovy acid can strengthen effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, rifampicin, Cimetidinum and warfarin.

At simultaneous use with Palinum of aminoglycosides a synergism of bactericidal effect is noted.

Terms and storage conditions

To store in the dry place unavailable to children, at a temperature up to 25 °C.

Period of validity – 5 years.