Sarcoidosis

General characteristic of a disease

The sarcoidosis concerns to group of chronic inflammatory diseases. Most often it affects lungs of aged people from 30 to 40 years. Children and elderly people are ill much less often. In Russia the disease is diagnosed approximately for five people on 100 000 population.

The reason for which there is a sarcoidosis of lungs is for certain unknown. Researchers only found out that at an inflammation the lymphocyte activity – white blood cells which begin to produce the substances causing formation of granules in various bodies considerably increases. The possibility of transfer of a disease from the person to the person is also not proved. In certain cases treatment of a sarcoidosis is necessary not only for the patient, but also members of his family, however, doctors explain this fact with heredity, or unfavorable conditions of the environment in the place of residence of people.

Sarcoidosis – disease symptoms

As it was already told above, lungs are a principal organ which the sarcoidosis influences. Treatment of lungs is complicated for the reason that in 90% of cases the disease proceeds absolutely without any expressed symptoms. In similar situations the sarcoidosis can be revealed only at X-ray inspection. Lack of symptoms is explained by damage of intra pulmonary lymph nodes that in most cases it is possible to determine only by the special equipment as at patients no external manifestations are observed.

How to distinguish a sarcoidosis of lungs? Symptoms of a disease appear at late stages and are shown in a look:

• asthma and bystry fatigue;
• dry cough and stethalgias;
• blood spitting;
• pneumosclerosis and deterioration in normal functioning of bodies of respiratory system.

Besides, the sarcoidosis of lungs finds itself inflammatory changes on skin, in lifmatichesky nodes and joints. Lack of adequate treatment can lead to a total blindness of the person and irreversible changes in a brain, heart, kidneys and a liver.

Diagnosis and treatment of a sarcoidosis

The diagnosis "a sarcoidosis of lungs" is established only after full survey and the analysis of a condition of the patient. An indispensable condition is carrying out biochemical analysis of blood and a chest X-ray. To confirm a sarcoidosis which symptoms are similar to tuberculosis to the patient can appoint carrying out Mantoux reaction. Reaction at the same time has to be negative. It is quite possible that for statement of the exact diagnosis the doctor will need a research of lungs by means of the specialized medical equipment. As a rule, in modern clinics the bronchoscope representing an elastic tube which is entered into lungs is used and allows to take liquid on the analysis regarding existence of the cells causing inflammatory processes.

The biopsy of lungs is used only in disputable cases. The procedure is short, it is held under a local anesthesia and does not bring to the person any pains or other unpleasant feelings.

As for treatment. At many patients the disease passes by itself, however it is better not to risk and carry out treatment of a sarcoidosis under observation of the doctor as only he can estimate gravity of damage of internals and to appoint adequate recovery procedures.

In certain cases the sarcoidosis of lungs results in respiratory insufficiency and a blindness. Adverse changes are stopped by means of corticosteroid hormones. They are used when the brain and heart of the person are involved in inflammatory process, and also at any skin displays of a disease.

The condition of pulmonary fabrics and distribution of an inflammation are controlled by means of regular X-ray inspections.

Prevention of a disease

For prevention of aggravations of a sarcoidosis it is necessary to refuse smoking, to lead a healthy lifestyle, to avoid long contacts with the chemicals and drugs influencing a liver, lungs, heart and other bodies. The sarcoidosis provokes emergence of stones in a bladder therefore for the period of a disease it is necessary to refuse the food stuffs rich with calcium (cheese, milk), and beach rest as beams of the sun promote production of calcium in blood of the person.