Theophylline

Theophylline concerns to group of the broncholitic means blocking purine receptors and reducing reductions of smooth muscles of bronchial tubes. Drug stimulates blood circulation in heart vessels, removes spasms of bronchial tubes and promotes intake of oxygen in respiratory system.

Structure and form of release

The main active ingredient – Theophylline.

Auxiliary components: monohydrate of lactose, magnesium stearate, talc, methacrylic acid.

Theophylline is produced in tablets of the prolonged action on 0,1 - 0,25 g, capsules on 0,125 - 0,5 g and in the form of candles on 0,2 g.

Pharmacological effects of Theophylline

Theophylline relaxes muscles of bronchial tubes, has a vasodilating and promoting effect. Drug promotes normal work of a respiratory center, eliminates a pain syndrome in a diaphragm and improves functioning of intercostal muscles.

At regular use of Theophylline the probability of emergence of allergic reactions in bodies of respiratory system decreases. Drug can have diuretic effect.

Active agents of Theophylline normalize respiratory function, reduce the level of carbonic acid and strengthen ventilation of the lungs.

Theophylline effectively strengthens coronary circulation, lowers a tone of vessels of a brain, heart and kidneys. At prolonged treatment bilious ways extend, microcirculation is normalized, and erythrocytes become steadier against deformation. At the patients inclined to hypotonia, arterial pressure can decrease.

Use of Theophylline together with antibiotics and beta adrenoblockers can increase risk of emergence of side effects.

Indications to Theophylline use

Theophylline is appointed for treatment of an obstructive syndrome of bronchial tubes of various type (asthma, bronchitis, emphysema of lungs), pulmonary hypertensia, hypostasis of kidneys, an apnoea, a hypoxia.

Application instruction of Theophylline

According to the instruction Theophylline should be accepted to adults and children from 14 years on 300 mg 2-3 times a day, washing down with a large amount of water. According to the recommendation of the attending physician the dosage can be increased to 500 mg 2 times a day. At patients with body weight less than 60 kg the dosage has to make 100 mg 2 times a day (in the morning and in the evening).

The course of treatment begins with smaller doses which gradually increase. Administration of drug is carried out bucketed in 2-3 days.

According to the instruction of Theophylline, during treatment it is necessary to carry out regular diagnostic procedures: blood test, measurement of arterial pressure, ECG, roentgenogram, determination of level of hemoglobin and cholesterol. Medical effect of Theophylline is shown within 2 days.

At a concomitant use of Theophylline and spasmolysants efficiency of treatment increases. Drug reduces effect of antidiarrheal medicines. During treatment it is necessary to be careful in reception of kofeinosoderzhashchy products and antidepressants.

Contraindications

Contraindications to purpose of Theophylline are hypersensitivity and intolerance of components of drug, a peptic ulcer, epilepsy, gastritis, colitis, arrhythmia, tachycardia, a stroke, a myocardial infarction, pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding, children's age up to 14 years.

With care drug is appointed at advanced age, at a renal failure, atherosclerosis, bleedings in bodies of a GIT, serious violations of blood circulation.

Side effects of Theophylline

Theophylline can cause the following side effects:

• from the central nervous system – dizziness, sleeplessness, a headache, a faint, uneasiness, a tremor, confusion of consciousness, epilepsy;
• from cardiovascular system – arrhythmia, tachycardia, a cardialgia, a sharp lowering of arterial pressure, stenocardia;
• from system of digestion – nausea, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, a meteorism, colitis, gastritis.

At long administration of drug allergic reactions – an itch, burning, urticaria, dermatitis, fever, the increased sweating, skin rashes can appear.