Teratoma

The tumor in which there are various fabrics sometimes atypical for this body, is called a teratoma that in translation from Greek is meant by a "terrible tumor". The disease is obliged to such frightening name that in a tumor there can be teeth, hair, eyes, bone, connecting, muscular, nervous, epithelial and other fabrics, and also other bodies.

There is it for the reason that the teratoma develops from the formative cells capable to regenerate in any tissue of a human body. The most complex structure at those teratomas which are formed at the very beginning of development of a germ. If the tumor arises later when the rudiment of body or fabric was already created, it is more homogeneous on the structure.

The disease is, as a rule, shown at children's or youthful age. Most often the teratoma is formed in gonads: in ovaries – at women, in testicles – at men. At children develops, generally a coccygeal teratoma in sacrococcygeal department of a backbone. Much less often the tumor is localized in other bodies. In all cases removal of a teratoma is shown.

Teratomas can have both a high-quality, and malignant current.

Types of a teratoma

Chromosomal anomaly of cells leads to formation of a tumor. Depending on what represents an aberration distinguish unripe and mature teratomas.

Existence in a tumor of fabrics like which definition is complicated testifies to immaturity of a teratoma. Most often the tumor has a malignant current. In a mature teratoma elements of fabrics inherent to the person clearly are traced: nervous, muscular, connecting or fatty.

Mature teratomas differ from unripe not only in outward, but also different characteristics of growth. For example, the mature teratoma of testicles can sometimes get a malignant current whereas the teratoma of ovaries of the same look at the woman in the majority is a benign tumor from men.

In turn mature teratomas share on cystous and solid. Cystous represents a tumor of the big sizes under which smooth surface there are one or several the cavities filled with muddy contents. In them there can be fragments of cartilages, teeth or hair.

The solid mature teratoma represents dense tumorous formation of the different sizes which surface can be both smooth, and hilly. A teratoma heterogeneous on a structure, there can be a fabric of not clear origin and a cyst of the small sizes with slime or liquid inside.

On the consistence the dense teratomas consisting only of fabrics and tsistoteratoma where there is also a liquid meet.

Teratoma symptoms

As a rule, explicit symptoms at a teratoma appear at the malignant course or significant growth in a tumor. In other cases the condition of patients especially does not suffer, the teratoma remains long time "mute". When tumorous education gets the big sizes, the symptoms characteristic of shift or a prelum of bodies appear. So, for example, at a mediastinal teratoma there are unpleasant feelings behind a breast, and the tumor in lungs gives an asthma.

At a teratoma of an ovary complaints to feeling of weight in the lower part of a stomach can periodically appear. If there is cyst leg torsion, then the symptomatology is similar to clinic of "acute abdomen". The teratoma in a small egg is visible approximately in the form of increase in a scrotum from the formed tumor. Accession of pain says that process passes into malignant.

At children the tumor is most often localized in the field of a sacrum, a tailbone or a crotch. The coccygeal teratoma can be the different sizes and forms. Big educations interfere with normal life activity of the child as he complicates acts of an urination and defecation. Quite often inborn teratomas meet. Pre-natal development of the child is broken the stronger, than earlier there was laying of a coccygeal teratoma. After the birth defects of soft tissues and injury of a skeleton become noticeable.

Treatment of a teratoma

Treatment of a teratoma of any forms – only operational, at torsion of a leg of a cystous teratoma of an ovary operation is performed in the emergency order. The volume of an operative measure is defined by the sizes of a tumor, age of the patient, localization of a teratoma and associated diseases.

At girls and young women removal of a teratoma at defeats of bodies of a small pelvis is carried out against the background of a partial resection of ovaries. Whereas at women in the period of a menopause full removal of a uterus with both appendages is shown.

Because of tendency to transition to a malignant form and innidiation in lymph nodes treatment of a teratoma of a small egg consists not only at a distance tumors, but also in use of radiation therapy along with purpose of antineoplastic drugs. The same integrated approach practices also at other localizations of teratomas if they are combined with other tumors or are inclined to malignant regeneration.

In most cases the forecast favorable, but in no small measure it depends on in what place the tumor how timely and adequate was treatment was formed. The teratoma which current is complicated by some types of cancer proceeds less safely. In such cases even removal of a teratoma and other educations does not guarantee an absolute recovery.