Thoracic surgeon
The thoracic surgeon is a medical specialist who is engaged in diagnosing, prevention and surgical treatment of diseases of bodies of a thorax.
Profession origin
The thoracic surgery received the origin from the general surgery and initially was the direction which was engaged in treatment of mammary glands, hearts, a gullet and lungs. In the 20th century this direction separated in independent discipline, and also such medical directions as pulmonology, vascular and cardiological surgery departed from it. Now these directions are in close interaction.
Thanks to development of specialty "thoracic surgeon" there were new opportunities of treatment in the surgical way of diseases of lungs, hearts and mediastinums. Considerably diagnostic opportunities extended and there were new methods of a histologic research, and operations stopped being hours-long and the increased complexity.
Features of a medical profession "the thoracic surgeon"
The thoracic surgeon is engaged in treatment of injuries of a thorax and internals in a surgical way, and also carries out diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory processes of edges, lungs, a thyroid gland, gullet and diaphragm.
The separate direction is the children's thoracic surgery. The children's thoracic surgeon is engaged in treatment of newborns, children and teenagers up to 16 years. During operations the special endoscope for a chest cavity which has optical system with illumination and allows to do small cuts is used.
Also children's thoracic surgeon carries out diagnosing on the special monitor, can delete tumors and inflammations with small cuts in 3-5 cm.
Modern technologies allow the surgeon to operate a thorax and its bodies with the sparing method by means of the effective equipment.
The thoracic surgeon is engaged in treatment of emphysema of lungs, pleurisy, atherosclerosis, mediastinum tumors, and also malignant and benign tumors of lungs, tracheas, a gullet and a diaphragm. At injuries of a thorax and lungs the surgeon performs the emergency surgery.
As the main diagnostic methods the bronkhoskopiya, a bronchography, a X-ray analysis, a torakoskopiya, an echocardiography, ultrasonography, the spirography, a computer tomography and MRT, an isotope research are used.
At the beginning of the 2000th years of steel methods of endoscopic surgical intervention which have low injury will actively be implemented and can be used both for children, and for elderly patients.
Professional skills and qualities of the thoracic surgeon
The thoracic surgeon carries out medical activity in the public and private institutions, including in surgical departments of policlinics and hospitals, in departments of thoracic surgery, clinics, research institutes, the rehabilitation centers and private clinics.
This profession demands high standard of knowledge in the field of fundamental medicine and thoracic surgery, and also high intelligence, confidence, responsibility and self-organization.
The thoracic surgeon has to treat with understanding, attention and accuracy patients, to have good motility, mobility of fingers, concentration and the sequence.
This surgeon needs to own modern techniques of diagnosis, knowledge of anatomy, general physiology and medicine, physiology of bodies of a thorax. This specialist in treatment has to use conservative and surgical methods, provide planned and emergency medical care, and also carry out the main and additional manipulations, including bandaging, a bleeding stop, suture, an artificial respiration, etc.
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