Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is the pathological phenomenon which is followed at women by bleeding from a uterus. This bleeding can be caused by hormonal disturbances, a climax, injuries and diseases of generative organs.

Reasons and symptoms of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional uterine bleedings are manifestation of disturbances in functioning of ovaries. These bleedings differ in acyclicity, existence of irregular menstrual cycles with alternation of the long periods of bleeding from 10 days to 2 months.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding happens several types – juvenile at the age of 13-17 years, reproductive at the age of 18-45 years and climacteric aged after 50 years. On each of these stages hormonal disturbance is the main reason for bleeding.

Dysfunctional bleeding in the juvenile period is connected with formation of a reproductive system and caused by a number of disturbances in functioning of generative organs.

During the reproductive period uterine bleeding is shown in disturbances of a menstrual cycle and increase in blood loss. Also inflammatory processes, diseases of endocrine system, abortion, stresses, etc. can be the reasons of disturbances.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding of a climacteric is directly connected with fading of sexual and hormonal functions. The long periods of blood allocations and symptoms of anemia, such as dizziness and headache, pallor of integuments, increased fatigue, drowsiness, the lowered arterial pressure are characteristic of these bleedings.

Emergence of this bleeding can be promoted by physical disturbances, psychological injuries, overfatigue, avitaminosis, dysfunction of adrenal glands, and also unfavorable labor and living conditions.

Dysfunctional uterine bleedings of a climacteric can be connected with reception of the medicines intended for removal of symptoms of a climax. In such cases the attending physician has to reconsider therapy and to appoint other climacteric drugs.

Diagnosis of a disease

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is diagnosed according to age and a physical condition of the patient. First of all, constant control over a menstrual cycle, maintaining the diary with chronology of frequency of bleedings and their intensity, and also monthly measurement of basal temperature is necessary for establishment of an ovulation.

The attending physician for exact establishment of the diagnosis appoints full gynecologic inspection, and also blood test, an endometria biopsy, ultrasonography, a sonogisterogramma and hysteroscopy.

To not giving birth women 35 years are more senior appoint carrying out a biopsy of a mucous membrane of a uterus to exclude existence of endometrial cancer.

Treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding depends on the age period of the woman. If the mucous membrane of a uterus has thickenings, then it is necessary to reveal existence of pathological cells and to carry out removal in the surgical way of new growths or all uterus.

For women 35 years planning pregnancy are younger, appoint oral contraceptives with the content of estrogen or oestrogenic drugs which allow to reduce bleedings. At the beginning of a course of treatment a dosage high, but after 2-3 months of administration of drugs the dosage is reduced.

Treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding is the most effective at appointment of the following groups of drugs:

• styptic;
• normalizing a hormonal background;
• eliminating anemia symptoms.

Among surgical methods of treatment use laser impact on a mucous membrane of a uterus, a scraping of a cavity of the uterus, and also a hysterectomy at serious conditions and lack of results from other methods of treatment.