Doxycycline

Doxycycline – a germicide of group of tetracyclines.

Pharmacological action

Doxycycline is an antibiotic of a broad spectrum of activity, is active concerning many bacteria (a streptococcus, staphylococcus, a salmonella, a dysenteric stick, causative agents of syphilis and gonorrhea), rickettsiae (causative agents of a typhoid), a mycoplasma (causes diseases of bodies of urinogenital system), chlamydias (cause infectious diseases, sexually transmitted).

The ureaplasma which represents the intracellular parasite striking generative organs and uric ways is sensitive to effect of the drug Doxycycline. Doksitsiklin does not affect fungal infections and viruses. Getting in a microorganism cell, Doxycycline breaks synthesis of protein in it that leads to the fact that the bacterium loses productive capacity and soon perishes.

The maximum concentration of Doxycycline in blood can be observed in 2 hours after administration of drug in the form of capsules. After single use of Doxycycline medical concentration in blood remains within 18-24 hours that allows to accept this antibiotic once a day. Doxycycline, responses confirm, in comparison with the primogenitor, tetracycline, has more broad spectrum of activity and smaller amount of possible side effects.

Indications to Doxycycline use

The instruction recommends to apply Doxycycline at:

• respiratory infections: pleurisy, pleura empyema, bronchitis, pneumonia;
• infections of ENT organs: otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, quinsy;
• infections of a digestive tract: periodontitis, proctitis, peritonitis, cholangitis, cholecystitis;
• infections of uric ways: urethritis, pyelonephritis;
• diseases at women of bodies of a small pelvis of inflammatory character;
• acute and chronic prostatitis, epididymite;
• purulent infections of soft tissues, acne rash;
• infectious ulcer keratitis;
• to prevention of infections after a large intestine operations, medical abortions;
• to prevention of malaria at a short-term travel to the countries where this disease is widespread;
• mycoplasma, clamidiosis, syphilis, gonorrhoeas;
• whooping cough, brucellosis, rickettsiosis;
• osteomyelitis, Ku's fever, spotty fever of the Rocky Mountains, typhus;
• iyersinioza, bacillar and amoebic dysentery, borreliosis, tularemia, cholera;
• Lyme's disease, hay fever, actinomycosis;
• trachoma, psittacosis, granulotsitarny erpikhioz;
• the infections caused by a hemophilic stick.

Reviews of Doxycycline confirm efficiency of drug at above-mentioned diseases.

Application instruction of Doxycycline

Doxycycline is produced in the form of the capsules intended for intake and in the form of solution for injections.

Use of Doxycycline in the form of capsules is recommended to be made after food, washing down with water for the purpose of the prevention of possible irritation of a gullet. The daily dose is accepted or once at 24 o'clock, or by two times at an interval of 12 hours.

The majority of infections assumes reception of 200 mg of Doxycycline in the first day of treatment and on 100-200 mg in the next days. The mycoplasma, an ureaplasma, Doxycycline cures infections which provoked a chlamydia in 10-14 days.

Forms of infections are heavier assume reception of 200 mg of Doxycycline throughout all course of treatment. At women inflammatory diseases of a small pelvis 2 times a day on 100 mg of drug are recommended to treat by reception, men have 2 times a day on 100 mg or once 300 mg. At medical abortion of 100 mg Doxycycline is applied in 1 hour prior to operation, and on its end in half an hour – 200 more mg.

At syphilis the instruction recommends to apply Doxycycline for 10 days on 300 mg every day. Within 2-4 days on 100 mg 2 times a day accept Doxycycline at gonorrhea. The single dose equal of 300 mg, treats a gonorrheal urethritis at men, however, if the expected effect was not gained, men continue reception of Doxycycline within 4 days on 200 mg, and women - for one day longer.

At acne rash use of Doxycycline in the daily dose corresponding of 50 mg, within 6-12 weeks is effective.

According to the instruction, children can accept Doxycycline 8 years are more senior: 4 mg/kg in the first day of treatment, 2-4 mg/kg in the next days.

Solution for injections is entered in intravenously drop way each 12 hours. Before use of 100 mg of Doxycycline (1 ampoule) it is necessary to part 10 ml of water for injections then add 1 l of normal saline solution to the received solution.

Side effects

Responses and clinical trials refer to undesirable effects of the drug Doxycycline:

• nausea, vomiting, abdominal pains, anorexia;
• skin rash, hypostasis, itch;
• perspiration, dizziness;
• seldom – an eosinophilia (increase in number of eosinophils in blood), a photosensitization (hypersensitivity to light), a Quincke's edema (increase in a part or all person, extremities).
• at prolonged use – thrombocytopenia (reduced quantity of thrombocytes), a neutropenia (decrease in number of neutrophils), hemolitic anemia (steady destruction of erythrocytes), development of intestinal dysbacteriosis, the milkwoman, steady discoloration of teeth.

Contraindications to Doxycycline use

According to the instruction, Doxycycline is contraindicated at a porphyria (the raised number of porphyrines in blood), leukopenias (decrease in number of leukocytes), a heavy liver failure, hypersensitivity to tetracycline or doxycycline.

Doksitsiklin in the period of a lactation is not appointed, during pregnancy and to children up to 8 years. If ureaplasma, a mycoplasma or other infectious diseases, sensitive to the drug Doxycycline, were found in the pregnant woman, the doctor has to commensurate possible harm and potential advantage of drug or pick up other antibiotic.

Additional information

Storage of Doxycycline requires the dry and dark place with air temperature to ^250C. A period of validity of this antibacterial drug – 4 years.