Mushrooms

Mushrooms – the group of live organisms applied in cookery, traditional and nonconventional medicine. Divide several groups – edible mushrooms, conditional edible mushrooms, inedible mushrooms and poisonous mushrooms.

Caloric content of mushrooms

Despite the general belief that mushrooms - nutritious food, they those are not. Caloric content of mushrooms very low, but after thermal treatment and in the course of preparation they absorb in themselves heat as a sponge, and caloric content of mushrooms stewed or fried becomes high.

Thanks to low caloric content, the mushrooms prepared correctly are good as dietary food.

Useful properties of mushrooms

Mushrooms contain a large amount of minerals and vitamins. Vitamin A is present at a type of carotene. At large numbers there are B1 and B2 vitamins, PP and Page. The interesting fact is that mushrooms contain vitamin D – antirechitic vitamin which is not in one green plant.

Mushrooms are very rich with protein (something average between vegetable and animal protein) which, nevertheless, is acquired only for 60% because of the chitin promoting bad digestibility of mushrooms. Because of chitin, despite the low caloric content of mushrooms, they are considered as heavy food. Therefore this protein has the lowest value, than in eggs, meat and dairy products, but the highest, than in carrots.

Besides, mushrooms contain a lot of potassium, phosphorus and calcium, and also the enzymes promoting splitting of fats, a glycogen and cellulose.

It is impossible to eat mushrooms in the raw, they by all means need to be subjected to thermal treatment. However, unfortunately, warming up considerably reduces to 100 degrees in them medicinal properties. Therefore long since they could be salted and dried.

Use in traditional medicine

Useful properties of mushrooms allow to use them in traditional medicine in the form of medicinal therapy. The possibility of their use is studied in oncology.

Mold mushrooms thanks to release from them of penicillin and streptomycin, engendered an era of antibiotics.

From edible mushrooms of saffron milk caps receive a valuable antibiotic – Laktaroviolin who stops growth of a number of harmful bacteria.

From govorushka huge receive antimicrobic substance – Kliptobitsin, similar to Mikomitsetin which is used for treatment of a tuberculosis cutis and bones.

From edible mushrooms of poddubnik receive an antibiotic Boletol who promotes repayment of infectious diseases.

And such edible mushrooms as chanterelles, thanks to the ergosterol which is contained in them, are leaders in antibacterial therapy. The extract from Chanterelles is capable to neutralize the staphylococcal activator, and substance of a hinomannoz struggles with parasites in a human body.

Volokonnitsu is used for treatment of eczema, a lupus and psoriasis.

Mushrooms earth-boring dung beetles gray are the substance Antabusum source, with success applied to treatment of alcoholism.

Mlechniki have antiinflammatory effect.

Pariahs kokosovidny and the tinder funguses relating to the category of a ganoderma in the east treat traditional medicines and are applied in oncology.

Edible mushrooms champignons in India are used for receiving drug Kampestrin whom typhus and a paratyphoid treat.

Kollibiya and greenfinch are material for production of mushroom anticoagulants which are effective at treatment of atherosclerosis and a pachemia.

For quite some time now in medicine began to use also agarik Brazilian which have anticarcinogenic properties and suppress various fungal flora.

The honey agaric meadow – a widespread edible mushroom – is used in fight against colibacillus and other microbes. Also in it the substances rendering a favorable effect on a thyroid gland are found.

Mushrooms to a shiitaka – antiviral and antifungal means, known in Japan. Make drug of them Lentinan.

Mushrooms кордицепс, maitak, a tench-dzhi are the immunomodulators suppressing tumoral activity.

Shlyapochny mushrooms in traditional medicine are preferential used as medicine in the form of various extracts, tinctures and dietary supplement.

Today the pharmacology of mushrooms is not developed at the sufficient level. Pharmacologists do not hurry to accept yet the fact that useful properties of mushrooms are capable to cure many diseases, and most widely mushrooms for treatment use in traditional medicine.

Use of mushrooms in traditional medicine

Long since in traditional medicine poisonous mushrooms fly agarics were applied. At first sight it seems quite strange – use of poisonous mushrooms in the medical purposes. However in practice use small doses of poisons in the medical purposes for a long time. According to the conducted researches, the poisonous mushroom a fly agaric red contains such poisons as мускимол and микоатропин, and also antibiotic substance мускаруфин which is capable to stop growth of tumors.

Already a fact in evidence is that the drug made of a poisonous mushroom of a fly agaric renders positive effect at vasospasms, horeatichesky and epileptic states, at quinsy, a sclerosis and disturbances of action of a spinal cord.

The known folk remedy is the tincture from a poisonous mushroom of a fly agaric applied to treatment of diseases of skin and rheumatism.

Honey agaric gray-yellow and brick-red in traditional medicine apply as laxative and vomitive. The peppery milk mushroom serves for treatment of tuberculosis.

In Austria the honey agaric autumn is applied as laxative as to contain in it the substances increasing activity of digestive organs.

Broth of a mushroom of a chaga is also widely applied in traditional medicine. It is considered that at the systematic use, it has a promoting effect on an organism, improves the general state, gastritis of a stomach and other gastrointestinal diseases treats.

In the people the tea mushroom – the representative of symbiotic association of barmy mushrooms enjoys wide popularity. It is grown up in house conditions and drink infusion from it before food. Infusion from it possesses the tonic, fortifying and calming action.

Cautions and contraindications

Before beginning treatment with mushrooms, is strongly recommended to consult to the doctor.

Any reception of edible or poisonous mushrooms in the medical purposes carefully should be carried out to pregnant women and nursing mothers.

Reception of additives with a reishi as it the substances liquefying blood contain is contraindicated to the people who are daily accepting anticoagulants, including and aspirin. Also reception of additives of a reishi should be stopped in 2 weeks prior to surgery including dental. Reception of this mushroom is contraindicated to the people having bad coagulability of blood or with existence in the anamnesis of a hypoglycemia, hypotension, active gastrointestinal bleeding, stomach ulcer or hemophilia.

With care the people accepting should begin treatment with mushrooms: anti-virus drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressors, the diabetes medicine, anesthetics, amphetamines, drugs reducing the arterial pressure, drugs reducing sugar level in blood.