Ekselon

Ekselon – the medicine applied to treatment of dementia.

Structure and form of release of Ekselon

Ekselon release in two dosage forms:

• The opaque capsules containing active component – ривастигмин in a dosage of 1,5 mg, 3 mg, 4,5 mg or 6 mg. Additional components: colloid silicon dioxide, microcrystallic cellulose, magnesium stearate, gipromelloza. In blisters on 14 capsules.
• The yellow solution for internal use containing active agent – ривастигмин 2 mg. Additional components: anhydrous citric acid, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, the purified water, yellow WS quinoline, a dihydrate powder. In bottles from dark glass on 50 ml.

Pharmacological action

According to the instruction Ekselon is the selection inhibitor acetyl - and brain butyrylcholinesterases. Drug is used for treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and also for treatment of dementia at Parkinson's disease. Use of a rivastigmin slows down destruction of acetylcholine developed by neurons. Besides, ривастигмин increases the maintenance of acetylcholine in a cerebral cortex and a hippocampus that in essential degree improves cholinergic nervous transfer.

Ekselon according to reviews has positive effect in case of decrease in the cognitive functions caused by shortage of acetylcholine, in particular at dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease.

In addition, there are proofs that use of drug slows down formation of amyloid plaques which are the main pathological symptom of Alzheimer's disease.

Indications to Ekselon's use

Ekselon according to the instruction appoint at poorly or moderately expressed dementia at Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or suspicion of Alzheimer's disease.

Contraindications

Ekselon is contraindicated:

• at hypersensitivity to active or to additional components of drug;
• aged up to 18 years;
• at heavy abnormal liver functions.

According to reviews Ekselon it is necessary to apply with care at:

• conductivity disturbances (AV blockade, sinuatrial blockade);
• predispositions to obstruction of urinary tract;
• to bronchial asthma or other respiratory diseases in the anamnesis.

Ekselon along with other cholinomimetics is not recommended to appoint.

Route of administration of Ekselon and mode of dosing

According to the instruction Ekselon apply inside twice a day – during a breakfast and a dinner.

The initial dosage of Ekselon, as a rule, makes 1,5 mg twice a day. If patients have hypersensitivity to effect of cholinergic medicines, it is recommended to establish an initial dosage of 1 mg twice a day.

If after two-week therapy at the patient no side effects from drug were observed, it is possible to increase a dosage to 3 mg twice a day. At good tolerance and this dosage, it is increased at first to 4,5 mg, and after – to 6 mg twice a day. The interval after each increase in a dosage should not be less than two weeks.

The supporting Ekselon's dosage makes from 1,5 to 6 mg twice a day. The maximum dosage makes 6 mg twice a day.

If having rummaged in Ekselon's reception made several days, then to begin to accept it again it is necessary from the minimum dosage to avoid risk of emergence of undesirable by-effects.

Side effects of Ekselon

According to reviews Ekselon causes the following by-effects:

• System of digestion: vomiting, nausea, appetite loss, a diarrhea, dyspepsia and abdominal pains, pancreatitis of easy severity, bleeding from digestive tract, stomach ulcer and a 12-perstny gut, change in laboratory indicators of function of a liver.
• Central nervous system: headache, dizziness, tremor, drowsiness, agitation, depression, sleeplessness, confusion of consciousness, hallucination, faint, spasms.
• Cardiovascular system: the expressed increase in arterial pressure, arrhythmia, a myocardial infarction, stenocardia.
• Skin manifestations: skin rash, the increased perspiration.
• Other by-effects: adynamy and increased fatigue, decrease in body weight, accidental falling, febricula.

Overdose

In most cases the overdose by Ekselon according to reviews is not followed by any clinical manifestations and does not demand drug withdrawal.

Symptoms at overdose the following:

• the expressed increase in the ABP;
• vomiting, nausea;
• diarrhea;
• hallucinations.

In cases of overdose it is recommended not to accept drug for the next days. If the overdose is followed by vomiting and nausea, it is necessary to apply antiemetics.

Ekselon's use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

So far safety of use Ekselona during pregnancy is not established therefore drug is recommended to be used only according to strict indications to it. During use of drug it is recommended to stop breastfeeding though there are no data or reviews of Ekselona concerning release of its active component with breast milk.

Storage conditions

Drug Ekselon is stored in the dry place at the room temperature not longer than 36 months.