Premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS, syndrome of premenstrual tension) call a complex of the symptoms caused by hormonal changes in the woman's organism during a certain phase of a menstrual cycle. Signs of a premenstrual syndrome appear within 2-10 days before periods, and pass independently right after its beginning, or several days later. To a syndrome, according to specialists, about 80% of women of the most active age – are subject from 20 to 40 years to Predmenstrualnym.

Opinion of doctors disperse in whether to consider it pathology as all changes are, as a rule, reversible and pass independently after change of a phase of a menstrual cycle. However, in view of the fact that symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome can inflict considerable suffering on the woman it is considered that in case of bright expressiveness of a clinical picture, the premenstrual syndrome is morbid condition and demands medicamentous correction.

Symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome

Symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome can be divided conditionally on psychoneurological and physical though they are closely interconnected. The following belongs to physical signs of a premenstrual syndrome: emergence of hypostases of hands and legs, increase in mammary glands, emergence of pain and unpleasant feelings in the mammary glands amplifying at a touch, the dispepsichesky phenomena (abdominal distention, nausea, in rare instances vomiting, locks or on the contrary, the speeded-up chair), a headache. Sometimes arterial pressure can increase considerably.

Refer differences of mood, exposure of a depression, flash of unmotivated aggression, sleeplessness to psychoneurological symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome or on the contrary, excessive drowsiness. The second name, a syndrome of premenstrual tension, well characterizes signs of a premenstrual syndrome in general: it is the tension which does not have under itself the objective reasons. The woman is strained, irritable, supersensitive against the background of the general physical indisposition.

Depending on dominance of these or those a symptom of a premenstrual syndrome, allocate four of its look:

• Edematous form of a premenstrual syndrome (puffiness signs prevail, perspiration increases);
• Psychological form of a premenstrual syndrome (the leading symptoms – a depression or aggression, and also differences of mood and the raised chuvstvtitelnost);
• Tsefalgichesky form of a premenstrual syndrome (the main sign – the most severe headache as migraine);
• Krizovy form of a syndrome of premenstrual tension (the increase in arterial pressure as hypertensive crisis which is coming to the end with the raised mocheotdeleniye).

Symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome can have different degree of manifestation, moreover, they can be shown differently every time at the same woman. However the factor allowing to distinguish a syndrome of premenstrual tension from other diseases is dependence of emergence of symptoms on a menstrual cycle, namely emergence them in a final phase of a cycle and disappearance later began periods.

Diagnosis of a premenstrual syndrome

The experienced doctor makes the diagnosis of a disease on the basis of characteristic signs of a premenstrual syndrome and establishment of accurate dependence of their manifestation on a final phase of a cycle. Nevertheless, at the developed bright clinical picture of a syndrome of premenstrual tension, it is carried out endocrinological, neurologic and gynecologic inspections, mainly to exclude more serious diseases which at an early stage can have similar symptoms with a premenstrual syndrome.

The following diagnostic events are without fail appointed:

• Gynecologic survey;
• The blood test revealing hormonal balance in an initial and final phase of a cycle;
• Maintaining the diary of health throughout three cycles that has also organizing value and can be used for control of success of the undertaken treatment.

Other researches are appointed depending on what symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome are leaders. So, at a tsefalgichesky form the skull tomography, removal of the electroencephalogram are recommended. At a psychological form of a syndrome of premenstrual tension psychotherapeutic diagnosis is shown. At edematous and krizovy forms the research of cardiovascular system is necessary, etc.

Treatment of a premenstrual syndrome

Basis of treatment of a premenstrual syndrome is normalization of a way of life and food. If to leave that way of life which led to emergence of pathology, without changes then all actions for treatment of a premenstrual syndrome will have only temporary effect.

First of all it is necessary to allocate not less than 8 hours a day for a dream. Day has to be whenever possible organized to minimize stresses. One hour a day needs to be spent in the fresh air, and two-three days a week to do easy sports: yoga, Pilates, etc., as the syndrome of premenstrual tension, among other, is caused also by shortage of physical activity. Food has to be full, at least thrice, with enough fresh vegetables and fruit. It is necessary to exclude all stimulating drinks (strong tea, coffee, tonics), all types of fast food, a smoked product, canned food, heavy and greasy food, sweet carbonated drinks from a diet. At a premenstrual syndrome vegetable food and fermented milk products have to make a diet basis.

For the vast majority of patients of observance of these measures it is quite enough for successful treatment of a premenstrual syndrome. Usually in two-three months after reduction of a usual way of life to healthier, symptoms of a premenstrual syndrome pass completely, or become much less intensive.

Drug treatment of a premenstrual syndrome is appointed when its manifestations are considerable and obviously worsen a physical, psychological and social state of the patient. Treatment of a premenstrual syndrome in this case consists in hormonal correction, that is reception of synthetic analogs of female sex hormones. The sedative (calming) drugs a long course are in parallel appointed.

Other treatment of a premenstrual syndrome is symptomatic, that is directed to elimination of the leading symptoms. So, the edematous form of a premenstrual syndrome demands purpose of diuretics (the drugs raising a mocheotdeleniye and by that eliminating hypostases), for treatment of a premenstrual syndrome in a tsefalgichesky form drugs of spasmolytic and analgeziruyushchy action, etc. are appointed.

Drug treatment of a premenstrual syndrome can be appointed only by the doctor after carrying out careful diagnosis, self-treatment in this case is inadmissible and can lead to a sharp aggravation of symptoms.