Saccharin has an appearance of transparent crystals with sweet taste which are poorly dissolved in water. Synthetic saccharin is crystalline hydrate of sodium salt which is several times more sweet than sugar.
In 1879 scientists A. Remsen and To Falberg conducted toluene sulphonamide researches 2 as a result of which saccharin was in a random way revealed. In several years the chemist K. Falberg patented process of receiving this substance and was engaged in implementation of its production. But the method of sulphonation at which received saccharin was not effective.
In 1950 in Toledo the group of scientists developed a special method of receiving saccharin which allowed to begin mass industrial production. Reaction of nitrous acid, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, anthranilic acid and ammonia is the cornerstone of this method. Later in 1967 even more effective method of receiving saccharin based on reaction chloride Benzylium was implemented.
Saccharin is nutritional supplement without color and a smell which melts at a temperature about 225 degrees and is poorly dissolved in alcohol. Substance is appointed as sweetener a sick diabetes mellitus.
Saccharin has several main properties to which it is possible to carry:
Actively saccharin is applied in the food industry as E 954 additive. As fragrance and sweetener add it to confectionery, chewing gums, carbonated drinks, juice and bakery products.
In pharmaceutics this substance is a part of antibacterial and antiinflammatory drugs, and in the industry is used by production of the copy equipment, machine glue and rubber.
Saccharin has no calories and does not influence appetite therefore can be a part of the dietary menu.
Some international medical researches revealed harm of saccharin which is based on induction of malignant tumors of urinogenital system.
Now, in spite of the fact that saccharin is approved to the use by the Joint commission of experts, it should be used in strictly limited quantity and according to medical prescription. The recommended norm of substance makes 4 mg on 1 kg of weight of the person (1 times a day).
Patients with a diabetes mellitus should not use saccharin daily not to provoke side effects.
Children should not take drinks and confectionery with the content of this substance.
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