Syndactylia

From the moment of conception to the birth the human body passes a long way of development. During this time a set of factors can exert the most negative impact on formation of the growing child and, thereby, promote emergence in it of various congenital anomalies. One of them is the syndactylia – deformation of brushes or feet, also perhaps combined damage of extremities. At the same time at the newborn connection of two and more fingers among themselves is noted. Similar anomaly of development can be caused by the most different reasons.

Syndactylia, reasons

Most often the syndactylia meets on upper extremities. Several members of one family can sometimes have this malformation at once that testifies to a possibility of hereditary nature of this defect. If at relatives of the child of similar anomaly it was not noted, its emergence is connected with impact of various negative factors on a fruit during pre-natal development.

It is impossible to call the reasons which caused a syndactylia "highly specialized". They can break formation and any other bodies and systems of the growing organism. It is known that any adverse effect on future mother directly is reflected on health of her kid. Treat the factors breaking process of normal fetation: professional harm on production, an adverse ecological situation, infectious diseases of mother during incubation.

Brushes of the baby begin to form by the end of the first month of pregnancy when the woman not always realizes that she carries the child. In this regard development of various defects including syndactylias which reasons to establish it is rather problematic is possible. Originally brushes of a fruit represent a physiological union of rudiments of fingers. On the second month of pregnancy, in process of growth in length, they begin to be divided, getting the natural form. Can play the negative role therefore fingers are not separated this period of any of pathological factors.

Except congenital anomaly, also the acquired syndactylia can meet. It arises both at children, and at adults owing to thermal or corrosive burns of a brush.

Syndactylia, classification

The syndactylia is not always the isolated defect, especially at the hereditary nature of emergence. Rather often it is combined also with other anomalies of development, especially with those which are connected with damages of chromosomal complement of the person. Also pathological connection of fingers can meet at inborn defects of a musculoskeletal system. Classification of a syndactylia depends on a condition of the affected fingers, like their union, and also on the extent of the available commissure.

Connection can have an appearance of a thin membrane, a skin crossing point with inclusion of soft tissues or dense bone education. At the same time the union or on all length, or only throughout one or two phalanxes is possible. Complexity of a syndactylia defines a condition of the fingers affected by defect. They can be developed normally or have any musculoskeletal anomalies.

The syndactylia which affects, first of all, fingers of upper extremities is essential cosmetic defect. Besides, defective performance by a brush of the functions also makes an extreme adverse effect on formation of the identity of the child. A syndactylia because performance of the differentiated movements of fingers of a hand is sharply limited or it is impossible, results in secondary defects. They are shown in disturbance psychomotor, speech and, in some cases, intellectual development of the child.

To liquidate such inborn cosmetic shortcoming as a syndactylia, and also to eliminate its negative impact on the kid, timely treatment of this pathology allows.

Syndactylia, operation

Division of accrete fingers is carried out only by surgical methods. At a syndactylia upper extremities are exposed to operational treatment. The existing medical practice by the fact that similar anomaly of development represents serious cosmetic defect is explained and considerably breaks functions of a brush. As a result mental and physical development of the child suffers. Operational intervention on fingers of the lower extremities is carried out only in that case when the available defect significantly prevents normal walking.

At any kinds of a syndactylia operation is usually performed at achievement of 4-5 years by the child of age. An exception is only such option of inborn defect when bone connection of trailer phalanxes of fingers takes place. In this case division is made in the second half of the year of the first year of life of the kid as lack of a timely operative measure leads to development of secondary deformations of fingers.

At a syndactylia operation consists in surgical division of fingers with the subsequent closing of the formed wound surface with small pieces of skin tissues of the patient. The recovery period lasts 3-4 months, during this time it is required to fix for the night fingers in the straightened situation with the help of removable plaster tires. Postoperative treatment of a syndactylia includes also massage, physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy, mud applications.

It is known that means of modern medicine emergence of the majority of malformations cannot almost be prevented. However the methods of treatment existing now allow to eliminate many congenital anomalies including a syndactylia with success. Timely carried out operative measure gives the chance to the child having similar defect to develop on an equal basis with the peers and to conduct afterwards full-fledged life.