Brain tomography
Brain tomography – an irreplaceable way of diagnosis of the structural changes happening in a brain and its vessels.
There are various methods of a tomography of a brain differing in the received results and differently influencing a human body.
Computer tomography of a brain
The computer tomography allows to carry out the layer-by-layer analysis of a brain: to consider it in numerous cuts in couple of millimeters.
Brain tomography by a radiation method
The tomography of a brain can be carried out by means of X-ray – the head of the patient is examined X-ray. At the exit the black-and-white image on which tumors, effects of injuries, a stroke and other pathological processes are visible turns out. The way is considered rather informative, but unsafe because the patient should be subjected to considerable radiation.
Magnetic and resonant tomography of vessels of a brain
The magnetic and resonant tomography of vessels of a brain is considered difficult, but very exact diagnostic method. To receive the image, use effect of magnetic resonance of hydrogen atoms. By means of such tomography of a brain it is possible to reveal multiple sclerosis, inflammatory processes and vascular disorders, to receive thin cuts of a brain and to consider various sites of blood supply in the three-dimensional image. The tomography of vessels of a brain reveals blood circulation pathologies at early stages. This method is considered safe, with its help it is possible to carry out a tomography of a brain and to the child. Only in this case, at inspection of babies, carry out by it anesthesia, feed in two hours prior to a tomography.
It is desirable for child of preschool, school age to appoint a brain tomography in the morning. On the eve of the procedure to put to bed the child it is recommended later than usual – in order that he was sleepy and, respectively, slow-moving and quiet during inspection.
Carry out a brain tomography to the child under control of the doctor and anesthesiologist (if the anesthesia was carried out).
The only contraindication to use of a method is use by the patient of pacemakers – magnetic field negatively affects their work. Appoint a similar tomography of a brain at complaints of the patient to a sonitus, frequent dizzinesses and headaches, at vertebrobazilyarny insufficiency, vegeto-vascular dystonia, vascular ischemia of a brain, after the had stroke.
Positron emission tomography
In the smallest details it is possible to consider a brain by means of the positron emission tomography (PET) based on use of radiopharmaceuticals – the chemical compounds which are specially marked with radionuclides.
The color image on which it is possible to see available and differing on color from healthy sites, pathology is result of inspection and to learn their exact coordinates. This method of a tomography of a brain is effective at suspicion on vascular deviations and inflammations of a brain, it can show even the small tumors (from 1 cm) which are not causing clinical manifestations. By means of PET establish ischemic disturbances, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, learn about effects of injuries.
Differs from other types of a tomography of PET in the fact that it is applied not to studying of anatomy of bodies and fabrics, and to assessment of their functionality. For example, if the computer tomography displays localization of a tumor in a brain, then PET gives the chance to estimate its growth. Quite often these two methods of a tomography combine for the expanded analysis of a condition of the patient.
Pregnant women and the feeding women, and also patients cannot carry out positron emission tomography in a serious condition - because of need long time to keep an immovability.
Even if heart of the person does not fight, then he all the same can live during a long period, as the Norwegian fisherman Jan Revsdal showed us. Its "motor" stopped for 4 hours after the fisherman got lost and fell asleep in snow.
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