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How to distinguish a stroke

Premises to a course of a disease

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One of the most common causes of a stroke is cerebral thrombosis. Most often blood clot is formed at atherosclerosis and corks an artery which supplies with blood a brain. The second reason of a stroke – a hematencephalon. If the artery is injured, it can become torn and flood the brain tissues which are nearby with blood. Hemorrhage most often happens at patients to atherosclerosis and high pressure.

What occurs at a stroke

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At a stroke there is a defeat of nervous cells of a brain which control all functions of an organism. Cells of a brain begin to perish when blood does not flow on vessels, therefore, muscles cease to receive necessary teams. Here from there are also such neurologic effects of a stroke as vision disorders, hearing and the speech.

Who is in risk group

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The people with the increased arterial pressure, heart troubles and also abusing alcohol and cigarettes get into risk group. The stroke can happen at the person suffering from a diabetes mellitus and other disturbances of blood. At a slow-moving way of life and excess weight there is also a probability of a stroke. In risk group it is necessary to carry also people at whom relatives had a stroke.

Types of disturbance of cerebral circulation

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There are two kinds of a stroke – an ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The ischemic stroke is an obstruction of a vessel, and hemorrhagic is a rupture of a vessel and a hematencephalon. Both versions develop against the background of heart troubles (tachycardia, arrhythmia, heart failure), cerebral atherosclerosis, a hypertension.

Hemorrhagic stroke

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At a hemorrhagic stroke blood moves apart tissues of a brain and fills with itself the formed cavity. Thereof there is a blood tumor or an intracerebral hematoma. If the hemorrhagic stroke occurred in a brainstem, then, as a rule, the patient dies, without regaining consciousness. Also there can be a rupture of meshotchaty education on a vascular wall (aneurysm). It is called subarachnoidal hemorrhage.

Symptomatology of a hemorrhagic stroke

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Many people who transferred this state compare it to sharp blow of a dagger in the head. There is sudden and so severe headache that the person begins to shout and faints. Most often the hemorrhagic stroke arises suddenly, but happens, it is preceded by headaches, heavy feeling in the head, dizziness. After reduction in feeling of the patient it is sleepy and slowed down, vomiting and nausea are possible.

Ischemic stroke

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The ischemic stroke is much more artful hemorrhagic as influences a brain gradually. Quite often patients do not distinguish a disease at once or do not attach it significance, calm themselves that soon pain to stop. As a result through certain time the stroke can result in inability to speak (total aphasia) or to a hemiplegia.

Symptomatology of an ischemic stroke

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Starts anew to be ill the head, but pain quite tolerant therefore the patient continues commonplaces. Gradually pain amplifies and the person, most likely, faints. The person becomes red, breath hoarse, begins to shake the patient, legs and hands refuse to work. However after a while the patient recovers, it becomes easier for him. Quite often to arrival of physicians of the patient is able to speak normally.

Внешние признаки геморрагического инсульта

External symptoms of a hemorrhagic stroke

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At a hemorrhagic stroke symptoms rough. The headache sharp and strong, is concentrated in one half of the head, the patient faints, the person becomes a gray shade, breath – hoarse. Quite often before the stroke there is repeated vomiting, and after a while there is a convulsive attack, at the same time spasms are concentrated in one half of a body. One of pupils is wider than another.

External symptoms of an ischemic stroke

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If you observe following symptoms, call an ambulance: you are not able to bend down the head so that to touch by a chin of a breast, muscles of legs are strained, and in a prone position is not able to raise a direct leg for a heel. Look at yourself in a mirror and try to smile and raise hands. At a stroke to smile it will not turn out, the speech will be muffled, and the raised hands – at the different level.

First aid at a stroke

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If you suspected at somebody a stroke, without delaying call the ambulance. Before her arrival try not to disturb the patient. Lay it horizontally that the head and an upper part of a trunk were raised, undo to it a collar of a shirt and provide inflow of fresh air to the room. If the patient has a vomiting, incline his head on one side, and clear an oral cavity of emetic masses.

Epilepsy attacks

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Attacks of epilepsy are one of symptoms of an acute stroke. If at the person after a loss of consciousness spasms are observed, turn the patient sideways, and under it put the roller or a pillow. Constantly clear a mouth of the emetic masses that they did not get into airways. That the patient during spasms did not bite to himself tongue, insert the handle of a spoon or a stick wrapped by a scarf between teeth.

What cannot be done

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Do not try to unclench to the patient the fingers cramped by a spasm at all, you do not hold his hand and a leg, do not lean on the patient all over. It can lead to strengthening of an attack of epilepsy, accidental dislocations or even changes only. It is also impossible to use liquid ammonia to bring painfully round as it can cause an apnoea and if you inadvertently spill alcohol – that and severe burns.

Treatment of a stroke

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The most effective treatment of a stroke is that which is carried out in the first 3-6 hours after an attack. Physicians call this period a therapeutic window. If to manage to provide in time to the patient medical care, then it is possible to avoid irreversible changes in a brain. Therefore if you suspected a stroke at yourself or at someone from relatives, immediately call the ambulance. Treatment in house conditions is impossible.

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