Acetylsalicylic acid

Acetylsalicylic acid is medicine with expressed antiinflammatory, febrifugal, anesthetizing and antiagregantny (reduces process of adhesion of thrombocytes) effect.

Pharmacological action

The mechanism of effect of acetylsalicylic acid is caused by its ability to interfere with synthesis of prostaglandins playing a major role in development of inflammatory processes, fevers and pains.

Reduction of number of prostaglandins in the center of thermal control leads to vasodilatation and increase of sweating that causes febrifugal effect of drug. Besides, use of acetylsalicylic acid allows to reduce sensitivity of nerve terminations to pain mediators due to reduction of influence of prostaglandins by them. At intake the maximum concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in blood can be observed in 10-20 minutes, and the salicylate formed as a result of metabolism – in 0,3-2 hours. Acetylsalicylic acid through kidneys, an elimination half-life – 20 minutes, an elimination half-life for salicylate – 2 hours is removed.

Indications to use of Acetylsalicylic acid

Acetylsalicylic acid to which indications are caused by its properties is appointed at:

• acute rheumatic fever, pericardis (inflammation of a serous cover of heart), pseudorheumatism (defeat of connecting fabric and small vessels), a rheumatic chorea (it is shown by involuntary muscular contractions), Dressler's syndrome (a pericardis combination to an inflammation of a pleura or pneumonia);
• pain syndrome of weak and moderate intensity: migraine, a headache, a dentagra, pains at periods, an osteoarthrosis, neuralgia, a joint pain, muscles;
• the diseases of a backbone which are followed by a pain syndrome: sciatica, lumbago, osteochondrosis;
• feverish syndrome;
• need of formation of tolerance to antiinflammatory drugs at patients with "an aspirinovy triad" (set of bronchial asthma, polyps of a nose and intolerance of acetylsalicylic acid) or "aspirinovy" asthma;
• to prevention of development of a myocardial infarction at coronary heart disease or at prevention of a recurrence;
• existence of risk factors of bezbolevy ischemia of a myocardium, coronary heart disease, unstable stenocardia;
• to prevention of a thromboembolism (obstruction of a vessel blood clot), valve mitral heart diseases, a prolapse (dysfunction) of the mitral valve, a ciliary arrhythmia (loss by muscle fibers of auricles of ability to work synchronously);
• acute thrombophlebitis (inflammation of a wall of a vein and formation of the blood clot closing in it a gleam), lung heart attack (obstruction by blood clot of the vessel feeding a lung), a recurrent thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery.

Application instruction of Acetylsalicylic acid

Tablets acetylsalicylic acid are intended for use inside, it is recommended to accept after food, washing down with milk, usual or alkaline mineral water.

The instruction recommends to apply the adult acetylsalicylic acid 3-4 times a day on 1-2 tablets (500-1000 mg), at the same time the maximum daily dose – 6 tablets (3 g). The maximum duration of use of acetylsalicylic acid – 14 days.

For the purpose of improvement of rheological properties of blood, and also as inhibitor of pasting of thrombocytes appoint ½ tablets of acetylsalicylic acid a day for several months. At a myocardial infarction and for prevention of a secondary myocardial infarction the instruction to acetylsalicylic acid recommends to accept 250 mg a day. Dynamic disturbances of cerebral circulation and cerebral thromboembolisms assume reception ½ tablets of acetylsalicylic acid with gradual bringing a dose to 2 tablets in days.

Acetylsalicylic acid to children is appointed in the following single doses: 2 years – 100 mg, the 3rd year of life – 150 mg, four-year-old – 200 mg are more senior, 5 years – 250 mg are more senior. It is recommended to accept acetylsalicylic acid to children 3-4 times a day.

Side effects

Acetylsalicylic acid, use it has to be stipulated with the doctor, can provoke such side effects as:

• vomiting, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, abnormal liver function;
• vision disorders, headache, aseptic meningitis, sonitus, dizziness;
• anemia, thrombocytopenia;
• lengthening of a bleeding time, hemorrhagic syndrome;
• renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, acute renal failure;
• bronchospasm, Quincke's edema. skin rash, "an aspirinovy triad";
• syndrome to Reja, strengthening of symptoms of heart failure of chronic character.

Contraindications to use of Acetylsalicylic acid

Acetylsalicylic acid is not appointed at:

• gastrointestinal bleeding;
• erosive cankers of a digestive tract in an aggravation phase;
• to "aspirinovy triad";
• reactions to use of acetylsalicylic acid or other antiinflammatory drugs in the form of rhinitis, a small tortoiseshell;
• hemorrhagic diathesis (disease of system of blood of which tendency to the raised bleeding is characteristic);
• hemophilias (the slowed-down coagulability of blood and the raised bleeding);
• prothrombinopenias (the increased tendency to bleedings because of deficit of a prothrombin in blood);
• to the stratifying aortic aneurysm (a pathological additional false gleam in the thickness of an aorta wall);
• portal hypertensia;
• deficit of vitamin K;
• renal or liver failure;
• deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy;
• syndrome to Reja (serious damage of a liver and brain at children as a result of treatment of viral infections aspirin).

Acetylsalicylic acid is contraindicated to children 15 years at ORZ caused by viral infections, to the feeding patients, and also pregnant women in the first and third trimester are younger.

Even if use of drug is assumed by indications, acetylsalicylic acid is not appointed at hypersensitivity to it or other salicylates.

Additional information

According to the instruction, acetylsalicylic acid cannot be stored in the place where air temperature can rise above 25 °C. In the dry place and at the room temperature drug will be suitable within 4 years.