Tsefotaksim

Tsefotaksim – cephalosporin of the 3rd generation.

Structure and form of release of Tsefotaksim

Drug is produced in the form of white or slightly yellowish powder for preparation of solution for injections, in bottles. One bottle contains active component – Tsefotaksima sodium salt 0,5 or 1 of.

Pharmacological action

According to the instruction Tsefotaksim is a tsefalosporinovy antibiotic of the third generation. Tsefotaksim's use has on an organism bactericidal effect due to braking of synthesis of a cell wall of bacteria.

Drug is active concerning the following gram-negative bacteria: Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Providencia spp., Citrobacter spp., Serratia spp., Klebsiella spp., and also some strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas spp.

Streptococcus spp is less active concerning Neisseria gonorrhoeae., Bacteroides spp., Staphylococcus spp., Neisseria meningitidis.

According to reviews Tsefotaksim is steady concerning the majority β-лактамаз.

Indications to use

According to the instruction Tsefotaksim appoint for treatment of the infectious and inflammatory diseases which are hard proceeding, and caused by the microorganisms sensitive to this drug namely:

• sepsis;

• peritonitis;

• infectious diseases of bodies of a small pelvis;

• abdominal infections;

• infections of joints and bones;

• infectious diseases of soft tissues and skin;

• infections of urinary tract;

• infectious diseases of lower parts of respiratory tracts;

• gonorrhea;

• Lyme's disease;

• the infected burns and wounds.

Also the indication to Tsefotaksim is prevention of infections after the performed operations.

Contraindications

According to the instruction Tsefotaksim is contraindicated at hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

It is necessary to appoint drug with care at a renal failure, colitis in the anamnesis, and also the newborn.

Route of administration of Tsefotaksim and mode of dosing

According to indications Tsefotaksim apply to intramuscular or intravenous injections.

To children and adults weighing more than 50 kg appoint 1-2 g each 4-12 hours. At body weight less than 50 kg the dosage makes 50-180 mg on weight kg the day divided into 2-6 times.

The maximum dosage for children weighing less than 50 kg makes 180 mg on weight kg a day, for adults – 12 g a day.

Side effects

According to reviews Tsefotaksim causes the following side reactions:

• System of a hemopoiesis: thrombocytopenia, a leukopenia, hemolitic anemia, a neutropenia (only at prolonged use of Tsefotaksim in high dosages).

• Alimentary system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, pseudomembranous colitis, tranzitorny increase in activity of hepatic transaminases.

• System of a blood coagulation: prothrombinopenia.

• Allergies: eosinophilia, skin rash and itch. According to reviews Tsefotaksim can cause a Quincke's edema in rare instances.

• Urinary system: intersticial nephrite.

• Local side reactions: at intravenous administration – phlebitis, at intramuscular – pains in the place of a prick.

Besides, Tsefotaksim according to reviews can cause the candidiasis caused by chemotherapeutic effect of drug.

Tsefotaksim's use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

It is not recommended to accept drug in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the second and third trimester, and also during breastfeeding it is recommended to accept drug only according to strict indications to Tsefotaksim.

It is necessary to consider that at intravenous administration in a dosage of 1 g the maximum concentration of active ingredient in breast milk in several hours reaches 0.32±0.09 mkg/ml that can negatively affect oropharyngeal flora of the child.

Medicinal interaction

Drug suppresses an indestinal flora and interferes with vitamin K synthesis therefore its concomitant use with the medicines reducing aggregation of thrombocytes as there is an increased risk of development of bleedings is not recommended.

Also it is not recommended to use drug together with anticoagulants as strengthening of anticoagulating action is possible.

Simultaneous use of Tsefotaksim with:

• aminoglycosides, "loopback" diuretics and polymyxin B causes risk of damage of kidneys;

• the medicines reducing calcic secretion increases concentration of a tsefotaksim in a blood plasma;

• probenetsidy slows down removal of a tsefotaksim owing to reduction of calcic secretion.