Obesity

Short characteristic of a disease

Obesity is a disease which is characterized by excess adjournment of fatty tissue in an organism. Obesity can be both an independent disease, and one of syndromes of other disease.

Obesity reasons

Treat the most common causes of obesity: the wrong diet, insufficient physical activity, high caloric content of the consumed food.

A part is played by heredity and genetic predisposition, discrepancy between power receipts and expenses in an organism, use of the wrong diets, stressful situations. Also certain physiological states, such as pregnancy, a climax, feeding by a breast can be the cause of obesity.

Obesity degrees

There are three degrees of obesity. It is possible to define existence of excess weight by a body weight index. The formula of calculation is rather simple: it is necessary to divide actual weight in kilograms into your growth (in meters) squared. The weight index ranging from 18,5 to 24,5 determines the normal weight of the person. The first degree is characterized by an index of body weight from 30 to 35. At the second degree of obesity the index of weight makes 35-40 units. The actual value of an index is higher than forty defines the third degree of obesity.

Obesity symptoms

Disease symptoms especially are expressed, than obesity degree is higher. The first degree can pass almost asymptomatically, and here the second and third – has rather expressed symptoms. The increased appetite, drowsiness, weakness, sharp changes or deterioration in mood, nausea, short wind, bitter smack in a mouth, backbone and joints pains, thirst, increase in arterial pressure concerns to them.

The person having obesity can have increased feeling of hunger at night and in the second half of day. Infertility and disturbance of a normal menstrual cycle at women, decrease in a potentiality at men can be effects of a disease.

Types of obesity

The alimentary and constitutional obesity arises because of an overeating, low physical activity, disturbance of a power supply system, is often observed at members of one family.

Hypothalamic obesity arises because of defeat of the hypothalamic centers of regulation. Can result from surgical intervention or a craniocereberal injury, various infections and intoxications.

Endocrine obesity arises as one of symptoms of pathology of closed glands.

Obesity at children

The body weight of the child which exceeds norm for 15% or more is considered obesity.

The main treatment at obesity at children is correction of a diet and increase in a physical activity.

At children's age medicines are not applied to treatment of excess weight.

The most caloric dishes should be offered the kid in the first half of day, after a lunch it is desirable to give vegetable and milk dishes. It is necessary to feed the child at the same time, without allowing big breaks between feedings. Food has to be fractional, to six times a day, food volume on one feeding has to correspond to age needs of the child. Preference should be given to low-fat grades of meat and fish, vegetables and fruit. It is necessary to exclude from food of a dish and the products containing complex carbohydrates and a large amount of fat: white loaf, rolls, confectionery, condensed milk, semolina porridge, jam, etc.

Treatment of obesity

It is necessary to approach treatment of obesity in a complex and reasonably. It is necessary to understand that such treatment is long process. To set the received result and not to return extra kilos in double quantity, it is necessary to pick up the correct medical diet and exercise stresses. Also use drug treatment.

The medical diet at obesity was developed in 1937 and now is known as a table No. 8. Food – 5-6 times a day. This diet at obesity assumes the use of 150 grams of carbohydrates, from 90 to 110 grams of proteins, 80-85 grams of fats, 30% from them have to be a plant origin, 5-6 grams of salt and to 1,2 liters of liquid. Caloric content of such diet makes about 1700-1800 kcal.

Correctly picked up exercise stress and increase in a physical activity gives real help in fight against excess weight. It is necessary to remember that exercise stresses have to be rated and be carried out taking into account the state of health of the person.

As for medicinal therapy then use only of the checked and officially approved drugs for fight against excess weight is possible. The drugs influencing the center of hunger and saturation, and also the drugs blocking absorption of food fats concern to them. For treatment of obesity only the doctor has to appoint any medicine.