Pemphigus

Short characteristic of a disease

The pemphigus is a serious skin illness which is shown by formation of bubbles on a surface of an integument and mucous membranes. This process is caused by stratification of an epithelium and is characterized by tendency to bystry distribution due to merge of several centers of defeat. The pemphigus reasons are up to the end not studied because of what treatment of a disease often is inefficient. The pemphigus at children is especially dangerous. In the absence of adequate treatment it can lead to serious complications and even the death of the child though modern medical technologies allow to reduce quantity of lethal outcomes to a minimum. However, children of any age are surprised rather seldom. Much more often the virus pemphigus has an effect at persons aged from 40 up to 60 years.

Pemphigus symptoms

The true pemphigus begins with emergence of bubbles on skin and mucous membranes. They reach the sizes of walnut and are quite often broken off, allocating transparent or bloody contents. After a gap on skin ulcerations are formed. Cases when bubbles were not broken off are also noted, and fell down, leaving behind a pruritic crust.

The seborrheal pemphigus proves differently. Bubbles at this form, as a rule, small. They are not inclined to a gap and most often just shrink with formation of a grayish-yellow crust.

Virus pemphigus – a disease which is caused by Koksaki's virus. It is characterized by rashes on toes and hands, soles and palms. Process of formation of bubbles is delivered by painful feelings, is followed by a feverish condition and an ulceration of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity.

Treatment of a pemphigus

Because the etiology of a disease is unknown, process of treatment is rather difficult and often does not result in the expected effect. Nevertheless, to self-medicate – it is inadmissible as over time the disease develops and strikes all new and new sites of skin, leading to disturbances in work of internals and, quite perhaps, the death of the patient.

If the diagnosis a pemphigus is made to you, treatment is based on use of hormones as inside, and for outside use. Hormones with caution are appointed to vital indications and possible contraindications at the same time are seldom taken into account as complications of a pemphigus can lead to fatal effects. For this reason, even at normalization of a condition of the patient, the daily dose of hormones decreases gradually and very carefully up to that time, the minimum dose necessary for maintenance of permanent remission will not be reached yet.

The combination of hormones with such cytostatic and imunnosupressivny drugs as allows to achieve good results: Azathioprinum, methotrexate and сандиммун. It is necessary to consider at the same time that these means have individual portability and have to be applied with the greatest care.

At diagnosis the pemphigus, a disease is treated also by means of various additional methods, in particular, of hemosorption and a plasma exchange, that is the procedures directed to blood clarification. The positive effect is reached due to removal from blood of cell-bound immune complexes, immunoglobulins and other disease-producing components. To clarification of blood from toxics it is directed as well the photochemotherapy consisting in an inactivation of blood cells ultra-violet radiation in combination with G-methoxypsoralen.

As prophylactics drugs of potassium and calcium are usually used.

Pemphigus at children

In a case with children of defeat of an integument and mucous membranes are especially dangerous that it is connected with insufficiently high performance of protective mechanisms of an organism of the child. Let's note that the pemphigus occurs at newborns extremely seldom. Usually the disease progresses at children at the age of 5-7 years, and girls get sick more often than boys.

Pemphigus symptoms same, as well as at adults - emergence of bubbles of the different size in a face, a trunk and extremities with the subsequent their gap or a ssykhaniye. The itch and other unpleasant feelings are practically absent. At timely and adequate treatment quickly there occurs permanent remission.

The malignant pemphigus occurs at children seldom, but is followed by serious consequences - loss of body weight, astenisation, emergence of consecutive infections, septic fever and complications on kidneys, lungs and warmly vascular system.

Any techniques of treatment applied concerning children have to be used with extreme care, especially it concerns use of hormones and cytostatic means as to them the individual intolerance is quite often observed.