Dacryocystitis

General characteristic of a disease

Dacryocystitis is called obstruction of the nasolacrimal channel as a result of a dacryocyst inflammation. The cavity of an eye is washed by tears, interfering with its drying and reproduction in it disease-producing bacteria. Then the lacrimal liquid gets to the lacrimal openings located in an internal corner of an eye on the lower and upper centuries. The dacryocystitis develops if one of these points inflames and corked and also if the general passability of the nasolacrimal channel, a dacryocyst and the lacrimal tubules is broken.

At a dacryocystitis natural outflow of tears is broken. Liquid accumulates in an eye and constantly streams through a lower eyelid. The dacryocystitis of newborns not always needs treatment. Till 3rd week of life it is considered the natural physiological phenomenon as the lacrimal channels of the child are closed by a gelatinous film. If this film is independently broken off, treatment is not required to the newborn with a dacryocystitis.

At a dacryocystitis at adults consultation of the ophthalmologist is obligatory. It is important for differential diagnosis of a dacryocystitis from conjunctivitis at which both eyes inflame at once. Without massage, medicamentous, and sometimes and surgical treatment the dacryocystitis at adults independently does not pass.

Dacryocystitis reasons

The dacryocystitis reasons at newborns and adults are, as a rule, various.

The partial or full obstruction of the nasolacrimal channel leading to a dacryocystitis at adults is caused most often by the atherosclerotic phenomena or infections.

The dacryocystitis at newborns results from preservation of the gelatinous stopper protecting a lower part of the nasolacrimal channel during the pre-natal period. Normal this film has to become torn at the first breath of the kid. Sometimes its gap occurs within 2 weeks of life of the child.

About 5% of kids of the first months of life need treatment of a dacryocystitis of newborns for the reason that the independent rupture of a gelatinous film did not occur.

The dacryocystitis of newborns of an infectious etiology meets much less often.

Dacryocystitis symptoms

Carry chronic dacryagogue and a swelling of the dacryocyst located in the lacrimal pole near an internal corner of an eye to symptoms of a dacryocystitis. When pressing on this area the dacryocystitis is shown by purulent or mucopurulent discharges. Also the conjunctiva a century of an eye looks edematous.

The current of a dacryocystitis can be acute also. At it there is a sharp reddening of area of a dacryocyst and closing of a palpebral fissure. Within several days in internal coal of an eye the fistula forms. It can independently be opened with allocation of purulent contents of a dacryocyst.

At a long chronic current of a dacryocystitis at the adult or the child perhaps severe stretching of a dacryocyst. In that case the skin covering it becomes thinner and becomes a bluish shade.

The dacryocystitis is hazardous to health of eyes as it can lead to infection of a cornea, its damage and problems with sight.

Diagnosis of a dacryocystitis

Diagnosis of a dacryocystitis is based on complaints of the patient and a clinical picture with characteristic symptoms of a disease. It is possible to confirm obstruction of the nasolacrimal channel by means of Vest's test. For this purpose the wadded match is inserted into a nose of the patient, and in a cavity of an eye kollargolovy solution is dug in. In a few minutes at undisturbed passability of the nasolacrimal channel the match has to be painted. It is possible to specify the place of obstruction of the lacrimal ways at a dacryocystitis by means of a contrast X-ray analysis.

Treatment of a dacryocystitis

The standard of treatment of a dacryocystitis at newborns – system use of massage. At a dacryocystitis it is carried out at least 2 weeks to 10 times a day. At regular and correct performing massage the dacryocystitis in most cases recovers without use of surgical treatment.

The massage purpose at a dacryocystitis – to break off a gelatinous film. All manipulations are run by clean hands in house conditions the child's parents. Massage at a dacryocystitis begins with expression of contents of a dacryocyst. Then in a cavity of an eye Furacilin solution is dug in, and purulent discharges completely are removed. And only then it is possible to start directly medical massage. At a dacryocystitis the massing tolchkoobrazny movements by fingers have to be run in the field of a dacryocyst. After massage in an eye it is necessary to dig disinfecting drops.

If in treatment of a dacryocystitis at the newborn massage was inefficient, the child goes for sounding of the nasolacrimal channel. Surgical treatment of a dacryocystitis at newborns is recommended to be carried out at the age of 2-3 months. It is carried out under the general anesthesia and in most cases passes successfully.

At children 3 years are more senior, and also at a dacryocystitis at adults carrying out a dacryocystorhinostomy is recommended. During it the artificial nasolacrimal channel is modelled, the message between a cavity of an eye and a nose connects.

At a dacryocystitis of newborns use of a low-traumatic laser dacryocystorhinostomy is possible. Surgical treatment of a dacryocystitis at adults assumes use of an outside or endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.

The dacryocyst resection at a dacryocystitis at adults is applied only in exceptional cases. At the initial stage of a disease disinfecting and antibacterial washings, sounding of a nose, and also UVCh-therapy and the warming compresses at an acute current of a dacryocystitis at adults are used.