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Ammonium chloride

Хлорид аммония - пищевая добавка Е510

Ammonium chloride – E510 nutritional supplement.

Characteristic

From the physical point of view E510 nutritional supplement represents inodorous white crystal powder. Let's well dissolve in water. Aqueous solutions of substance have subacidic reaction.

Receiving ammonium chloride

Substance is received in the chemical way, by means of a carbon oxide transmission through sodium chloride and solution of ammonia. A chemical formula of substance – NH4Cl.

Residents of Ancient Greece were knows substance still, they received ammonium chloride by sublimation of soot from chimney furnaces which were heated by a camel dung.

Egypt called the connection received thus the word "nushadir" from where and vulgarly known and till today the name of substance – salammoniac.

In the nature ammonium chloride can be met in caves, about volcanoes and in crust cracks in the form of small plaques and crusts, together with sulfur. Also salammoniac is a natural product of decomposition of excrements and urine of animals. The term of "ammonium salt" originates from the temple in honor of Amon's deity at an entrance to which parishioners smelled salammoniac with the purpose to fall into blissful ecstasy. A little later than property of ammonium chloride so impressed alchemists that they idolized the smoke received as a result of chemical changes with salammoniac.

Properties of ammonium chloride

In medicine since ancient times spirit solution of ammonium chloride, or liquid ammonia is well-known – in small concentration it helps to bring round the person and to bring him out of subconscious state as vapors of ammonium chloride cause strong excitement of a respiratory center. However it must be kept in mind that receipt in respiratory tracts of a large amount of salammoniac is dangerous as can cause an apnoea.

Earlier ammonium chloride was applied in the medicinal purposes to treatment of bronchitis and as expectorant medicine. Today low-concentrated solution of salammoniac is used in medicine as diuretic. It is easily soaked up from digestive tract, and removed by kidneys, at the same time taking away with itself(himself) excess liquid from an organism.

Ammonium chloride use

E510 additive is seldom used in the food industry. Finland and some other the Scandinavian countries use it as seasoning to food. Also it is a part of liquorice candies.

In addition, E510 additive is used in the industrial purposes:

at the soldering and a tinning of steel;
as smoke-generating means (thanks to the volatility ammonium chloride has such property);
in the agricultural industry as fertilizer for alkaline and neutral soils, and also under cultures which badly react to big concentration of chlorine (rice, beet, corn);
in galvanic cells.

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