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Ventrikulomegaliya

Ventrikulomegaliya represents pathological change at a fruit at which there is a small or significant increase in the sizes of ventricles of a brain that leads to neurologic disturbances and diseases of a brain. Вентрикуломегалия - патология плода

Reasons and symptoms of a ventrikulomegaliya

The pathological ventrikulomegaliya at a fruit can carry as the isolated character, and to be the defect connected with other pathologies of development. At this disease at a fruit the big size of the ventricles of a brain reaching up to 12-20 mm is observed.

In modern medicine distinguish chromosomal anomalies which are observed at 17-20% of women with pathologies at pregnancy from the main reasons for a ventrikulomegaliya.

Obstructive hydrocephaly, physical injuries, infectious diseases, hemorrhage and hereditary factors can be the reasons of a ventrikulomegaliya. Pathology amplifies with other anomalies of development.

Ventrikulomegaliya at a fruit can lead to development in the child of a Down syndrome, Turner and Edwards's syndrome. This disease influences changes of structures of a brain, heart and musculoskeletal system.

Symptoms of a ventrikulomegaliya can be revealed clearly by means of ultrasonography, and their emergence is noticeable on 20-23 week of pregnancy. In certain cases pathology is fixed at the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, the best period of diagnosing and identification of symptoms of a disease are 25-26 week.

If the ventrikulomegaliya is single pathology at a fruit, then probability of heavy disturbances of chromosomes low. The attending physician defines risk of development of diseases of a brain in the child according to increase in width of ventricles.

Medical researches established that the risk of emergence of a ventrikulomegaliya is high at pregnant women aged from 35 years (frequency of diseases makes 0,5-0,7%), and at young women in labor it is considerably reduced.

In pediatrics distinguish three main types of a ventrikulomegaliya:

the heavy type with existence of big increases in ventricles of a brain of a fruit or the newborn and also which is combined with other pathologies of a brain;
average type with increase in ventricles up to 15 mm and little changes in liquor outflow;
easy type which has single character and does not demand serious treatment.

Diagnosis of a disease

Ventrikulomegaliya is diagnosed during pregnancy (from 17 to 33 week) by means of ultrasonography and spectral karyotyping of a fruit. Perinatal inspections have to include studying of all anatomical structures of a fruit, especially ventricular system of a brain.

For establishment of the exact diagnosis carry out cross scanning of the head of a fruit with determination of threshold size of side cerebral cavities. Ventrikulomegaliya is defined at the size of ventricles more than 10 mm. Лечение вентрикуломегалии заключается в предотвращении последствий данной патологии

Treatment of a ventrikulomegaliya

The main treatment of a ventrikulomegaliya is directed to prevention of emergence of effects of this pathology which can be a serious illness of a brain and central nervous system.

The pediatrician and the neurologist as medicamentous therapy appoint reception of antigipoksant, diuretics and vitamins.

For treatment of a ventrikulomegaliya appoint massage and physiotherapy exercises (static exercises with loads of pelvic muscles and a pelvic bottom).

As the medicines intended for prevention of development in the child of neurologic disturbances appoint the drugs directed to keeping of potassium in an organism.

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