Chorioretinitis

Description:

Chorioretinitis — an inflammation of back department of a vascular path of an eye with involvement in process of a retina. Emergence of a chorioretinitis is explained by the fact that food of periblasts of a retina is provided preferential at the expense of choriocapillary vessels.

Chorioretinitis symptoms:

At emergence of inflammatory process in covers of back department of an eyeglobe there can be one center or the multiple centers. They can be located in the central area or on the extreme periphery. Display of this disease depends on an arrangement and on quantity of the centers. The most frequent complaints of patients: decrease in sight in a varying degree, photopsias (flashes before eyes), metamorphopsias (distortion of a form of objects) that happens at the central arrangement of the center; a hemeralopia (deterioration in twilight sight, in the people — "night blindness") that is observed at peripheral and multiple defeat of covers; "the flying front sights" before eyes. The limited centers located on the periphery of a choroid and a retina do not worsen sight.

The front department of an eyeglobe at this disease is not changed. In the disease outcome after a rassasyvaniye of products of an inflammation there is an atrophic center in the thickness of a horioidea. At a diffusion choroiditis the site of an inflammation more extensive and in the outcome there are more rough changes on an eyeground in the form of development of the connecting fabric replacing big sites of a horioidea and a retina.

In the result of process in the central macular region excess pigmentation is noted. The type of the center has distinctions at a tubercular, syphilitic, toksoplazmozny, rheumatic etiology of this disease.

The purulent choroiditis is followed by bystry decrease in visual acuity. Usually process comes to an end with an atrophy of a horioidea and a retina. In hard cases process passes to a vitreous with development of an entophthalmia and panophthalmia.

This disease needs to be differentiated with a tumor of a horioidea and, at the central arrangement of the center — with a makulodistrofiya. The leading symptom at a choroiditis — existence of inflammatory reaction in fabrics.

Chorioretinitis reasons:

Most often tuberculosis, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, the general infectious diseases (flu, pneumonia, typhus, a brucellosis, cerebrospinal meningitis), focal infections, an eye injury, the complicated short-sightedness.

As the contributing factor for metastatic defeat of a choroid serve some features of blood circulation of this area: the wide bed of vessels, the slowed-down blood stream promoting a delay here of pathogenic agents. At the same time the activator at first can metastasize in retina vessels, and only then the choroid is involved in process.

Treatment of the Chorioretinitis:

Considering lack of bright external displays of a disease, complexity of diagnosis (use of special methods of inspection of the patient), help it is necessary to give in conditions of a specialized eye hospital. First of all it is necessary to reveal and treat the basic disease which caused a choroiditis or a chorioretinitis.

Topical treatment consists in subconjunctival, couple - or retrobulbar injections of corticosteroids and antibiotics of a broad spectrum of activity in the form of daily injections of Dexasonum or 0,5-1% of an emulsion of a hydrocortisone with Kanamycinum (Monomycinum, lincomycin, gentamycin). Apply physiotherapeutic treatment: an electrophoresis with papain for a rassasyvaniye of opacifications in a vitreous, from 2% Calcii chloridum solution, with antibiotics, magnetotherapy for acceleration of a rassasyvaniye of products of an inflammation.

The general treatment includes antiallergic, antiinflammatory and specific therapy. At identification of a tubercular or other etiology of a chorioretinitis add specific therapy to treatment.

In case of an acute purulent choroiditis use of antibiotics of a broad spectrum of activity intramusculary, sulfate streptomycin is shown. At insufficient effect it is possible to appoint antibiotics inside. The combination of antibiotics to streptocides is reasonable. Along with it it is necessary to appoint vitamins C, B1, B2, B6, etc.

Apply biogenic stimulators to treatment of effects: extract of an aloe liquid, FIBS, a vitreous in the form of subcutaneous injections.